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Women Rights in Pakistan And Especially in Musharaf Era

My name is Arslan Rafique. I am from Sialkot Pakistan. This presentation is all about Women rights in Pakistan and especially in Musharif Era. And also tells in this ppt that what kind of traditions when the Pakistan is invented and what kinds of rights women provided.

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Women Rights in Pakistan And Especially in Musharaf Era

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  1. . Group #2 Section #A Pks #101

  2. Group members 1.Malik Saqib Shakeel(20011556-020) 2.Aslan Rafique(20011556-010) 3.Iman Nasir(20011556-005) 4.Umair Walyat(20011556-036) 5.Syed Sabam Haider(20011556-44)

  3. Topic: “Women rights in Pakistan and especially during Musharraf era”

  4. Contents Introduction History Pakistani woman today Women rights Injustice with women Land and property rights Goals of women’s right movement Constitutional protections Women's protection bill Parkwaiz Musharraf's regime Women empowerment in era of general Parwaiz Musharraf Legal and social empowerment in era of general Parwaiz Musharraf Legislation for protection of women Criminal law act 2016 Child marriage Watta satta

  5. Introduction Sheikh ibn Baaz said: There is no doubt that Islam came to give honor to the woman, guard her, protect her from the wolves of mankind, secure her rights and raise her status. • The status of women in Pakistan varies considerably across classes, regions, and • the rural/urban divide due to uneven socio-economic development and the impact of tribal, feudal, and capitalist social formations on women's lives. • The Pakistani women of today enjoy a better status than most Muslim and Middle Eastern women.

  6. History: • Women actively participated in freedom movement of Pakistan. • The founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, had a positive attitude towards women. • After the independence of Pakistan, women's groups and feminist organizations started by prominent leaders like Fatima J Jinnah . • The provision of reservation of seats for women in the Parliament existed throughout the constitutional history of Pakistan from 1956 to 1973. • Former Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto one of most influencing woman in world of her time.

  7. Pakistani women today: • Women are actively participating in every sector of Pakistan such as in politics, media, sports, army, police,etc. • Women are holding key positions in every sector • Asma Jahangir: Lawyer, social Activist, head of bar conceal, Pakistan. • Fahmida Mirza : Speaker national assembly, Pakistan. • Hina Rabbani khar: Foreign minister. • Women are in huge number in Pakistani federal and provincial assemblies. • Governor, state bank of Pakistan. • Huge number in media, analysts, and army.

  8. Women rights: “only an honorable man treats women with honor and integrity, and only a vile and dishonorable man humiliates and degrades women” • Women’s rights in Pakistan is a prominent issue, • Many activists such as the national plan of action for women and the all Pakistan women’s Association are working hard towards equality • it is believed by some scholars that because of the strong influences of Hinduism over the Pakistani nation, it is difficult to achieve equal rights for women without reconstructing the entire culture that the country is based on. Pakistan , however is one of the most advanced developing nation in terms of women’s rights.

  9. Injustice with women: Islam says a boy is a blessing, however a girl is sunshine of God. But in Pakistan society especially in poor people, boy is usually preferred. When a boy is born, friends and relatives exclaim congratulations. A son means insurance. He will inherit his father’s property and get a job to help support the family. In poor families, when a girl is born, some women weep because, to them, a daughter is just another expense. Her place is in the home, not in the world of men. A girl can’t help but feel inferior when everything around her tells her that she is worth less than a boy.

  10. Land and property rights: Around 90% of the Pakistani household are headed by men. Women lack ownership of productive recourses. Despite women’s legal rights to own and inherit property from their families, there are few women who have access and control over resources. Though Islam give women half share in father property as compare to son, but this is not commonly practiced, because most families paid women a lot of dowry.

  11. Land and property rights: 144 years ago… Over 1400 years ago Allah and His Messenger gave women the right to keep their own money and inheritance. • The parliament of the united kingdom issues the ‘Married Women’s property Act’ in 1870 finally allowing women to be the legal owners of their money and inheritance

  12. Goals of women’s right movement: • The modern movement encompasses much more than suffrage. • The goals of the movement include equal rights to: • Health • Hold public office • Employment • Fair wages • Property • Education • Military • Family rights

  13. Constitutional protections: Constitution (1973) • Article 9: Security of person- no person shall be deprived of live or liberty saves in according with law. • Article 25: Equality of citizens • (1) All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law . • (2)There shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex. • (3)Nothing in this article shall prevent the state from making any special provision for the protection of women and children. • Article 34: full participation of women in national life – steps shall be taken to ensure the participation of women in all spheres of national life.

  14. Women’s protection bill: • Passed November 15, 2006 • Amends highly-criticized hudoodordinance • Entails: • Rape now included in Pakistan penal code. • Criminal law not Sharia Law • Requires formal accusation in court – not just suspicion of police • Change: Rape tried in criminal court with burden of forensic and circumstantial evidence

  15. Parwaiz Musharraf's regime: In 2000, the Church of Pakistan ordained its first women deacons. In 2002 (and later during court trials in 2005), the case of Mukhtaran Mai brought the plight of rape victims in Pakistan under an international spotlight. On 2 September 2004, the Ministry of Women Development was made an independent ministry, separating from the Social Welfare and Education Ministry. In July 2006, General Pervez Musharraf asked his Government to begin work on amendments to the controversial 1979 Hudood Ordinance introduced under Zia-ul-Haq's régime. He asked the Law Ministry and the Council of Islamic Ideology (under the Ministry of Religious Affairs) to build a consensus for the amendments to the laws. On 7 July 2006 General Musharraf signed an ordinance for the immediate release on bail of around 1300 women who were currently languishing in jails on charges other than terrorism and murder.

  16. Parwaiz Musharraf's regime: In late 2006, the Pakistani parliament passed the Women's Protection Bill , repealing some of the Hudood Ordinances. The bill allowed for DNA and other scientific evidence to be used in prosecuting rape cases. The passing of the Bill and the consequent signing of it into law by President General Pervez Musharraf invoked protests from hardline Islamist leaders and organizations . Some experts also stated that the reforms will be impossible to enforce. The Cabinet has approved reservation of 10% quota for women in Central Superior Services in its meeting held on 12 July 2006. Earlier, there was a 5% quota for women across the board in all Government departments. In December 2006, Prime Minister  Shaukat Aziz approved the proposal by Ministry of Women Development, to extend this quota to 10%.

  17. Parwaiz Musharraf's regime: In 2006, The Protection of Women (Criminal Laws Amendment) Act was also passed. In December 2006, for the first time, women cadets from the Military Academy Kakul assumed guard duty at the mausoleum of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The Women's Protection Bill, however, has been criticized by many including human rights and women's rights activists for only paying lipservice  and failing to repeal the Hudood Ordinances.

  18. Women empowerment in era of General Parwaiz Musharraf National policy for Development and Empowerment of Women was announced on 7th March, 2002. This policy contained a vision, defined goals, aims and objectives, formulated through a laborious and detailed consultative process.

  19. Legal and social empowerment in era of General Parwaiz Musharraf Criminal law (Amendment) Act, 2004 (Honour killing Bill) enacted. Reservation of quota for women in Govt. Jobs including Central Superior Services. Enactment of women protection Act, 2006 which provides a just and secure environment for women to work as equal partners for the development of Pakistan.

  20. Legislation for protection of women: Main article: Women related laws in Pakistan On 29 January 2010 the President signed the 'Protection against Harassment of Women at Workplace Bill 2009' which the parliament adopted on 21 January 2010. Two additional bills were signed into law by the President in December 2012 criminalizing the primitive practices of Vani, watta-satta, swara and marriage to the Quran which used women as tradable commodities for settlement of disputes. In addition the punishment for acid throwing to life imprisonment. The government further established special task force in the interior Sindh  region to for action against the practice ofKaro-Kariestablishing helplines and offices in the districts of Sukkur, Jacobabad, Larkana and Khairpur.

  21. Legislation for protection of women: In 2012 the government revived the National Commission on Status of Women established by General Musharraf for three years in 2000, later being revived for three years at a time. The bill moved by government established the commission as a permanent body with the task to ensure the implementation of women protection legislation and abuses against women. In February 2012, the Muttahida Qaumi Movement held the world's largest women's political rally in Karachi, with an estimated 100,000 women in attendance.

  22. Criminal law act 2016: On 7 October 2016, Pakistan's parliament  unanimously passed a new anti-rape and anti-honour killing bills. The new laws introduced harsher punishments for the perpetrators of such crimes. According to the new anti-rape bill, DNA testing was made mandatory in rape cases. Sabotaging or disrupting the work of a police officer or Government official could result in imprisonment of 1 year under the new law. Government officials who are found taking advantage of their official position to commit act of rape (e.g. custodial rape) are liable to imprisonment for life and a fine. According to the new law, anyone who rapes a minor or a mentally or physically disabled person will be liable for the death penalty or life imprisonment.

  23. Criminal law act 2016: Recording of statement of the female survivor of rape or sexual harassment shall be done by an Investigating Officer, in the presence of a female police officer, or a female family member of the survivor. Survivors of rape shall be provided legal aid (if needed) by the Provincial Bar Council. The new law also declares that trials for offences such as rape and related crimes shall be conducted in-camera and also allows for the use of technology such as video links to record statements of the victim and witnesses, to spare them the humiliation or risk entailed by court appearances..

  24. Criminal law act 2016: The media will also be restricted from publishing or publicizing the names or any information that would reveal the identity of a victim, except when publishing court judgments. The trial for rape shall conclude within three months. However, if the trial is not completed within three months then the case shall be brought to the notice of the Chief Justice of the High Court for appropriate directions. The new bill also ensures that sex workers are also included in the law's protection

  25. Child marriage: Although the Child Marriages Restraint Act makes it illegal for girls under the age of 16 to be married, instances of child marriages are commonly found in rural areas. Vani  is a child marriage  custom followed in tribal areas and the Punjab province. The young girls are forcibly married off in order to resolve the feuds between different clans; the Vani can be avoided if the clan of the girl agrees to pay money, called Deet, to other clans.Swara,  Pait likkhi  and Addo Baddo are similar tribal and rural customs that often promote marriage of girls in their early teenage years. In one extreme case in 2012, a local in Aari village, Swat  ordered that Roza Bibi, a girl of six, must be married off to settle a dispute between her family and the rival family. As of 2018, the trend of Vani is decreased very much, allowing more young girls to live their childhood freely.

  26. Watta Satta: Watta satta is a tribal custom in which brides are traded between two clans. In order to marry off a son, one must also have a daughter to marry off in return. If there is no sister to exchange in return for a son's spouse, a cousin, or a distant relative can also do. Even though Islamic law requires that both partners explicitly consent to marriage, women are often forced into marriages arranged by their fathers or tribal leaders. Watta satta is most common in rural parts of northwest and west Pakistan, and its tribal regions

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