1 / 37

Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter. Four classes of matter. The four classes of matter are elements, compounds, mixtures, and solutions. Homogeneous matter. Appears to look similar throughout Ex: salt, sugar, whipped cream all parts are alike (appearance). Question.

Ava
Télécharger la présentation

Classification of Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Classification of Matter

  2. Four classes of matter • The four classes of matter are elements, compounds, mixtures, and solutions

  3. Homogeneous matter • Appears to look similar throughout • Ex: salt, sugar, whipped cream • all parts are alike (appearance)

  4. Question • What does the prefix “homo” mean? • Name the four classes of matter. • What are the four phases of matter?

  5. Question • Milk in most stores is homogenized. What do you think this means?

  6. Heterogeneous matter • Matter that has different properties • Ex: soil, cereal with raisins, concrete

  7. Question • How is homogeneous matter different from heterogeneous matter?

  8. Question video • Why is it better to classify matter according to make-up rather than phase? Think!

  9. What is a mixture? • A combination of substances • Two or more substances that are not chemically combined

  10. Properties of mixtures • The substances in a mixture keep their separate identities (properties) • Ex: salt/pepper, sugar/water

  11. Separating mixtures • The substances in a mixture can be separated by simple physical means • Evaporation and filtration are used to separate mixtures

  12. Types of mixtures (video) • Heterogeneous mixtures are the “least mixed” of all mixtures • The different particles in mixtures are large enough to be seen

  13. Homogeneous mixtures • Homogenous mixtures are “well mixed” • Particles are small and not easily recognized

  14. Question • What are two ways mixtures can be separated?

  15. Solutions (video) • A solution is a mixture in which a substance is dissolved in another, “best mixed”

  16. Properties of a solution • Particles are not large enough to be seen • Evenly spread particles • Particles cannot be separated by simple physical means

  17. Alloys (video) • Solutions of metals are alloys • Ex: gold jewelry, brass, sterling silver, stainless steel

  18. Questions • Describe an alloy. • What are two properties of a solution?

  19. Pure substances (video) • Homogeneous matter is also known as a pure substance • Properties: one kind of material with the same properties

  20. Elements • Simplest types pure substances • Made of only one type of atom • Cannot be broken down by chemical processes or heating

  21. What is an atom? (video) • The smallest particle of an element that has the same properties of the element is the atom

  22. Chemical symbols • A short way of representing elements • Consists of one or two letters • An abbreviation for an element

  23. Question • What are two properties of elements? • What is an atom?

  24. Compounds (video) • Pure substances made of more than one element is a compound • Ex: carbon dioxide, ammonia, sugar

  25. Molecules • Two or more atoms that are chemically bonded • Smallest part of a compound that has the same properties of that compound

  26. Separating compounds • Compounds are made of molecules • Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by heating and electricity

  27. Questions • How is a molecule different from an atom? • How is a compound different from an element?

  28. Chemical formulas • Combinations of chemical symbols are chemical formulas (C3H7OH) (NH3)

  29. Subscript • A subscript is placed to the lower right of the chemical symbol • It gives the number of atoms of the element

  30. Questions • How is chemical symbol different from a chemical formula?

  31. Chemical equations • A description of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas is a chemical equation

  32. Coefficient • The number used to balance a chemical equation (coefficient) • “Balanced” means the same number of reactants and products

  33. Questions • How is a subscript different from a coefficient?

  34. Chemical reactions • Reactants are the substances that enter a chemical reaction • Products are the substances formed by a chemical reaction

  35. Chemical equations • 2H2+O2 (reactants) 2H2O • The arrow means yields (makes) • C + O2  CO2 (products) • Reactants (yield) products

  36. Questions • What does the arrow  mean in a chemical equation? • What is a chemical equation?

  37. Questions • What is another name for a chemical reaction? • On what side of a chemical reaction would you find the reactants? • Products?

More Related