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Strategies in Re-purposing Graphics for Intelligent Delivery

Strategies in Re-purposing Graphics for Intelligent Delivery Berlin 24 May 2001 Martin Jackson, Bombardier Aerospace Jeremiah Woolsey, Interactive Documents International Strategies in Re-purposing Graphics for Intelligent Delivery Business issues Standards, goodness, and style

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Strategies in Re-purposing Graphics for Intelligent Delivery

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  1. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery Berlin 24 May 2001 Martin Jackson, Bombardier Aerospace Jeremiah Woolsey, Interactive Documents International

  2. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness, and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  3. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness, and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  4. Aviation Industry Paradoxes • Aircraft need support over 30 years • the older the aircraft the more customers and configurations to support • Myriad of publications systems and formats • the older the system the more expensive it is to migrate • Engineering data is authority for revisions • The older the engineering system the greater the disconnect to publications • Modern aircraft are increasingly complex • The experience age of technicians is declining • Aircraft grounded are huge cost burdens • Customers require ever more efficient information retrieval

  5. IETM stagnationdynamic text - static graphics • Graphics are created, stored and presented as static visuals • Usability of manuals have stagnated (interactivity is text based) • No links available from manuals to additional data on the web • Customers print wiring manuals from electronic version to be usable • No interfaces from IPC to parts ordering 35% increase in trouble shooting efficiency via interactive documents not achievable without dynamic graphics

  6. What is a Technical Illustration? It is not: • strictly engineering data • art for art’s sake It is: • a communicator of technical information • the most efficient means of passing on spatial information An intelligent graphic is also: • a navigation tool • the most efficient means of passing on spatial and textual information

  7. Technological Convergencewhy the time is right for intelligent graphics • Web CGM • Vector intelligent technical graphics viewable via browsers • ATA CGM • Vector technical graphic data interchange proven to be reliable across applications and platforms • Industry graphic style guide • The industry accepts visual communication standards • e-Business • Provides opportunities to link to / from customer information processes • Human issues • The modern mechanic has less time, is relatively inexperienced but more computer literate

  8. 4 Key Business Strategies • Quality Controls • from 14 to 26 secondary and 50 tertiary vendors per program • reliable digital data and quality controls • Change Process Management • 4 revisions per year 50,000 revisions to illustrations during publications life • structured graphic data and efficient change process • Engineering Synergies • 50% of all publications work is research • synergy between publications and engineering • Single Source Graphics • Each illustration tells a unique story • Each illustrated component is the same • component based illustrating

  9. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness, and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  10. Why CGM? • Platform independent • ISO standard • Web enabled • Industry profiles available • Efficient data sizes • Conformance test suites established • Large existing legacy data sets

  11. CGM Standard (ISO/IEC 8632) Version 1 • The original 1992 standard -vector data including polygons, lines, rectangles, circles, arcs, text plus uncompressed raster data. Version 2 • Corrections to v1 and some minor improvements Version 3 • Advanced curves support (Bezier, conic arcs, B-splines), improved text handling, line attributes, raster compression, more colour models. Version 4 • Application structures that enable intelligent graphics, more precise line type support

  12. CGM Profiles • ATA - Air Transport Association GREXchange Graphics Exchange standard for version 1and 3 metafiles - Aerospace industry profile IGEX Intelligent Graphics Exchange standard for version 4 metafiles - Aerospace industry profile • WebCGM The intelligent web-enabled profile January 99 - recommended for use by W3C • CALS - (Continuous Acquisition & Life-Cycle Support) • MIL-D-28003A Standards for the exchange of military graphics for technical publications • PIP - Petroleum Industry Profile Geophysical and trace mapping usage with extensive use of colour and patterning. • SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) SAE J2008 Profile

  13. The quality triangleSqueezing through the quality loop Goodness NIST & syntax checkers Industry Profile ISO 8632

  14. GoodnessHow can a syntactically correct CGM not be good? • Line styles • Text alignment • Circles and curves • Layers - corporate handshakes • Colour precision • Line continuation • Inherited quality issues Q A B A LOSS CGM CGM

  15. differing visual clues uncertain locations confusing detail huge fragmented CAD files different layering schemes CGM fonts scaling colour maps line fonts ellipses masks fragmentation huge CAD files Supplier Graphic DataTypical problems STYLE

  16. Graphic Style About 50% of supplier errors are style related • Why does it matter? • Visual communication • Goodness controls • Visual coding • Use of illustration fragments • Cost versus Quality • $2m+/ yr in Aerospace spent reworking graphics for style purposes (1997 ATA Survey) • Limits reuse of illustration fragments • ATA Graphics Style Standard • Recommended for use in 2000 • Created by all major manufacturers and component vendors with input from AECMA. • In use now within Aerospace community

  17. Video display units Training courses Single source graphics Exchanging colour graphics Reliable results Print and display ATA Colour standard Web safe colours Colour Standards Pantone Matching Color Name R G B System Yellow 255 255 Yellow 0 Orange 1585 255 116 66 Red Warm Red 0 255 0 Lilac 701 233 511 173 Violet 513 141 141 33 Magenta 255 238 255 0 Light Blue 290 191 226 247 Cyan 3245 255 255 0 Blue 266 255 0 0 Dim Blue 647 60 86 110 Beige 465 195 130 172 Amber 1385 216 128 0 Olive 416 151 141 122 Green Green 375 375 0 0 0 0 255 255 Dark Green 362 48 150 66 White 255 255 255 Black 0 0 0 Black Gray 70% 99 99 99 Black 70% Gray 50% Black 50% 149 149 149 Gray 30% Black 30% 0 20 0

  18. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness, and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  19. PRODUCT & SERVICES INTEGRATED INTER LINKED TO RELATED DATA TO PROVIDE UP TO DATE DATA An e-Business model ENGINEERING SPARES DIGITAL dBase AS MAINTAINED MOCK UP AS DELIVERED M BOM EBOM 3D VIRTUAL AIRCRAFT PUBLISH & SUBSCRIBED ATA VIEW AS MAINTAINED CONFIGURATION SPARES WEB BROWSER INTERFACE INVENTORIES ORDERING FLEET SUPPORT TRAINING PUBLICATIONS TECH SERVICES PARTS MANUALS MAINTENANCE PARTS COURSE SCHEDULES FSR INFO SERVICE PLANNING WARRANTY ANIMATIONS HOT TIPS VIDEOS CUSTOMER RECORD ORDERING SERVICE BULLETINS COURSE ORDERING ACCOUNT REPS ORGANIZATIONS CUSTOMER SUPPORT FIREWALL FIREWALL FIREWALL FIREWALL WORKFLOW TOOLS SUPPORTS INTRANET WORKFLOWS ENGINEERING CONTRACTS SALES INTRANET AND FLOW TO C.I.C. FIREWALL FIREWALL FIREWALL FIREWALL CMM INVENTORY LEVELS 3D MODELS MANUALS FRACAS MM IPC VIDEO SPARE PARTS PARTS SBS FAULT DIAGNOSTIC ANIMATION CIMMS ORDERING INFO SERVICE REMOVALS & EMP INSTALLATIONS CHAT INTEGRATEDSERVICES SERVICES EHUMP TRAINING MARKETING FAQ HUMP CUSTOMER INFORMATION CENTRE www.cic.bombardier.com PROFILE FILTERING ENGINEERING REMOTE ONBOARD PC INTERNAL LAP PUBS PARTNERS EMPLOYEES VENDORS CUSTOMERS BAGD041001

  20. CGM as e-Business enabler GRAPHIC ENGINEERING dBase DIGITAL CGM V1-4 Animations MOCK UP Multimedia WEB CGM Photos CUSTOMER SUPPORT MANUFACTURING LMS WEB CGM V1-4 ANALYSIS MM SB IPC WM TRAINING MODULES SITE Multimedia • PILOT ORDERING IETM • MAINTENANCE Photos Animations BASIC STATIC INTERFACE WEB CGM REMOTE INTERNAL CGM V3 EMPLOYEES TECH. MANUALS VENDORS TRAINING PROFILE ACCESS BAGD041201 BAGD041201

  21. Navigation by detailand component • Navigation by detail for interactive delivery • Navigation by static visual clues by core paper delivery • Details reused in multiple occurrences • Locator controls navigation relationships

  22. Effectivity on the fly • User login activates profile and aircraft effectivity • Effectivity recorded on XML companion file • Returns rendering of component based on effectivity and size, view parameters • Parts list and ordering mechanism synchronized from companion file to return correct meta data.

  23. Variations in Paper and Digital Delivery • Paper delivery WILL still be required 10 years from now • Intelligent content and paper incompatible • Regulatory bodies need to synchronise all media deliveries • Concept of core data and extended data

  24. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness, and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  25. Graphics Creationnew tools -- old methods • ATA graphics are primarily visualizationsof maintenance and operational tasks • Static depiction of optimal sequence of procedure • 50% of creation time spent in search of engineering drawings/models/change drivers • Orientationof 3D models and 2D orthographic drawings to task-specific view

  26. Graphics Creationnew tools -- old methods • ATA graphics are primarily visualizationsof maintenance and operational tasks • Static depiction of optimal sequence of procedure • 50% of creation time spent in search of engineering drawings/models/change drivers • Orientationof 3D models and 2orthographic engineering drawings to task-specific view

  27. Graphics Creation (con’t)new tools -- old methods • Extraction of geometry 2D-3D & HLR, part metadata is typically not captured • Context is not saved, re-used, must repeat process - task configuration (BOM) and orientation • Illustrated components/fragments not reused -no ‘where-used’ of part in (SGML/XML) task instance • Intelligence in graphic is manually authored • Customer Support-specific attributes not at source

  28. Intelligent Gfx Creation & Revision • Capturing component intelligence from: • Engineering design data CAD/CAM/PDM • Maintenance View of product structure needed • subset of complete bill of materials - LRUs & SSIs • Geometry (both 2D and 3D where existing) static & kinematic visualizations • Transport (via XML) metadata elements used by Customer Support: • e.g. part number, material spec, CAGE code, service effectivity, interchangeability (1 & 2-way)

  29. Intelligent Gfx Creation & Revision (con’t) • Supplier data • Supplier Engineering data • Supplier Product Support (SGML/XML/CGM) • Legacy illustrations - leverage commonality of parts • 30% for derivative programs • Automating grobject creation for legacy Gfx • Using scripts to find patterns (text/fonts/layers) • Revisit CAD conversion process - extract native entity attributes, serialize to XML • Direct linking to source PDM intelligence

  30. Opportunities for Efficiency Gains • Reduction of research activities (50% of current efforts) • Build task-specific views of product structure automatically, save as context • IPC becomes customer support Bill of Material • Reusing detail views and components • increases reuse by a factor of 200 • average of 2.5 locator views per sheet • improves consistency and reliability of data

  31. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  32. Engineering SourceGraphic Data Extraction GRAPHIC\ PUBLISHING ENGINEERING DIGITAL MOCK-UP dBase dBase WIRING DIAGRAM XML WIRING LIST WIRING DIAGRAM XML WIRING LIST WIRING DIAGRAM GRAPHIC XML XML STYLEGUIDE METADATA WIRING LIST AUTO- EXTRACTION CGM CONVERSION CGM V4 XML CONTEXT APPROVAL FILTERING WHERE USED EFFECTIVITY/ CORE PUBLISH & VIEW PARSE REPLICATE PUBLISH ANALYSIS APPLICABILITY DESIGN SUBSCRIBE CONTEXT (AMTOSS) CONDITIONS BAGD0301_001.cdr

  33. Interfacing with Engineering • Managing product change - impact analysis • Individuals or Customer Support units can set change notification rules based on specific: ATA systems, aircraft zones, approval level, etc... • Re-Use 3D Graphic Models • for illustration and/or maintenance task simulation • Customer Support view vs “best-so-far” • All aircraft configurations need to be supported, not just the most current design

  34. Engineering to illustration process - new illustrations Use Configured Digital Mock-up search tools to find the parts to include in illustration Open models in viewer Close unwanted models Analysis Phase Create Axis, eliminate extraneous data Filter by VIEWS /Work area Orient Models to one of 8 isometric views Orientation Phase Deliver illustration (electronically and on paper) Import CGM v4 into illustration application Extraction Phase Extract Illustration (CGM v4) or kinematics Automatically Create Task/Context with parts in illustration Product Part Document Part Part Part Standard Part PC & THIN CLIENT WORK STATION VPDM System

  35. Engineering to illustration process - revising illustrations System identifies which tasks/contexts are affected by the change in near real-time System compares revision with previous task/context and notifies owner by email User receives and acknowledges Email notification Engineering changes the product Change Notification Consult change documents Check illustration(s) using part to see if they need to be revised Verification of Applicability No Update illustration? End Yes Revise Illustration Load task/context Refresh task/context to display variances Load models from Context and auto style extract updated master component or view Product Part Document Part Part Part Standard Part PC & THIN CLIENT WORK STATION VPDM System

  36. Developing a ‘Customer Support’ Bill Of Material • create “as-maintained” task-based view (link parts to tasks) • engineering validity vs production effectivity vs service effectivity • unified effectivity model • operator input - updating in-service configuration • recording part removals and installations

  37. Building Customer Support View of Product Structure ILLUSTRATION FOR PRODUCTION VISUAL AIDS, TECH PUB MANUALS, TRAINING MANUALS FRAMEWORK FOR e-BUSINESS LINKS CONFIGURED DIGITAL MOCK-UP FS281.65 FS260.00 10 LBL30.00 FS240.00 • Graphical Mfg Assembly/Fab aids • On-line Spares • eTask Cards • Interactive Training • Portable Maintainance Systems (CRDC) LBL10.00 BL0.00 RBL10.00 10 RBL30.00 95 100 SAVED TASK/CONTEXT 90 105 Global Express 85 GC219-1900-1 110 GC211-0039-1 80 145 GC211-0039 NC GC211-0039-1 135 GC211-0039 NC 85 GC211-0046-1 140 115 GC211-0046 -A 120 GC211-0046-2 130 GC211-0046 -A 90 GC211-0047-1 125 130 GC211-0047 NC 115 95 120 80 GC211-0047-2 GC211-0047 NC GC211-0048-5 GC211-0048 -B GC211-0166-3 GC211-0166 -A

  38. Enabling Legacy Engineering Data • Enhance use of conversions - graphics, plus: • Metadata extraction - XML can facilitate by: • common structured data format • support for external applications • provide conversion bridge between CGM, SGML, web and engineering systems.

  39. Strategies in Re-purposingGraphics for Intelligent Delivery • Business issues • Standards, goodness and style • Delivering efficiency to the customer • Internal efficiencies • Engineering interfaces • Summary

  40. Organizational Change • Process • authoring more rigorous • graphics much more structured • link resolution needs to be validated • revision cycle more complex • create once use many • Human Issues • are publications staff equipped and ready for change in work process?

  41. XMLthe metadata key • transporting engineering metadata from partners/suppliers • transporting product support metadata from partners & suppliers • transporting data between de-coupled departmental databases Design ==> Manufacturing ==> Customer Support • transforming SGML to XML and XSLT for Web presentation

  42. SGML-XML-WebCGM based IPC SGML/XML EDITOR SUPPLIER PUBLISHING ILLUSTRATIONS GRAPHIC\ TEMPLATES dBase CGMv32100 dBase TEMPLATES <SHEET GNBR=”gip1121000_001” SHEETNBR=”1” XNBR=”gip1121000_001” INTERNAL ILLUSTRATIONS CD-ROM LIVE LINKING SGML CGM v3 2100 STYLESHEETS V4 IMBEDDED INTERACTIVE ON CALLOUTS PARSE INTELLIGENT SHEET 1 SHEET 3 SHEET 2 GRAPHIC FORMAT AUTHORING IMPORT APPLICATION PARSE PUBLISH AUTO LINKING WEB SCRIPTS CGM/XML WEB DOCUMENT PUBLICATIONS LINK LINKS META DTD RESOLUTION WEB LINKS DATA LINK EXTERNAL MANAGEMENT LINKS PARTS PARTS ORDERING GRAPHIC LIST CGM v4 POOL XML TRANSFORMATION PARSE LINK RESOLUTION STYLESHEETS ENGINEERING LEGACY PSD or SAP PUBLICATIONS dBase PAPER bagd022001_002.cdr

  43. Summarythe time is right • WebCGM as core graphic format • supplemental formats: .avi, .mpeg, .jpeg, .svg etc.. • WebCGM can support static paper as well as interactive media: Web-CD-ROM-DVD • WebCGM and XML enable essential quality controls • batch goodness checking possible on structured graphics • XML facilitates metadata linking to graphic objects • XML enables synergy between related standards: • Maintenance Steering Group (MSG-DTD), Component Reliability Data Collection (CDRC) Validate, STEP Engineering BOM

  44. Summary • Achieve most accurate, up-to-date snapshot of A/C configuration in a highly dynamic change • Design Customer Support authoring/delivery systems with regard for end-user needs, provide the maintenance and flight crews: • right data • at the right time • in the media most appropriate to the task

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