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    2. SPIDERS More than 35,000 species of spiders occur in the world. Of these, about 3,400 species in 64 families are found in North America. In North America, primary concerns are the Black Widow and Brown Recluse.

    3. Spiders in the USA Black Widows Brown Recluses

    4. The Black Widow The most venomous spider in North America. Generally not deadly unless victim is very young or old. Identifiable by shiny black body and red “hourglass” on belly. Relatively small, usually around 1.5” in size.

    5. Where They Live Seldom disturbed areas Stock piles Storage Areas Shoes left outside Basements/Attics Freshly cleared sites Cobwebs can be a sign (but not always)

    6. The BITE Venom is 15 times more potent than that of a rattlesnake (relatively much less is injected). Only 63 deaths were reported in the United States between 1950 and 1989 Bite is often not painful and may go unnoticed at first. Symptoms include: abdominal pain similar to appendicitis, pain to muscles or the soles of the feet, alternating salivation and dry mouth, paralysis of the diaphragm, profuse sweating and swollen eyelids.

    7. Treatment If Bitten: -Apply ice pack to bite location and keep elevated to about heart level. -Try to collect spider specimen in jar or bag for positive identification and treatment (even if you have crushed it) -Call the Poison Control Center for more info: 1-800-222-1222 -Bite can be very painful, victim should go to doctor immediately for treatment.

    8. Bite Prevention Be Careful! Wear Gloves and Pay Attention to where you put your hands and feet (check your boots!). Remove all materials where they might hide. Knock down webs, egg sacks and spiders. This spider is resistant to insecticides. Avoid storing materials outdoors for an extended period of time.

    9. The Brown Recluse Identifiable by “violin” on back. ¼” to ½” long. Dark brown, yellow, or greenish-yellow Nocturnal Likes to hide in small dark areas Attracted to areas with lots of insects (i.e. near outdoor artificial lighting).

    10. Identification

    11. Where They Live Dark, undisturbed places. Often in cardboard boxes, clothing, shoes, and behind furniture. Also beneath logs, loose stones, and stacks of lumber.

    12. The BITE Some may not be aware of the bite for 2-8 hrs. Many bites cause just a little red mark that heals without event. For some, the venom kills the tissues (necrosis) at the site of the bite. Can result in a painful, deep wound that takes a long time to heal (can be deadly for the very young and old). Can also cause a “volcano lesion”.

    14. First Aid If bitten, remain calm and seek immediate medical attention. Collect spider for positive identification and proper treatment. Rubbing alcohol can help preserve what is left of the spider.

    16. Bite Prevention Check boots, gloves, tool belts, etc. before use. Wear gloves when handling lumber, rocks, landscape trimmings, etc. Exercise care when handling cardboard boxes (they are often found in the space under the folded cardboard flaps).

    17. Spider Control Recluses and Widows are very resistant to common insecticides. In fact, recent studies have shown that insecticides can worsen spider problems since Recluses tend to be scavengers and are drawn by the high numbers of killed insects. Make sure the chemical you use is designed to eliminate these spiders. Good housekeeping and “Just-In-Time” delivery are great ways to reduce the presence of spiders.

    18. Spiders and OSHA OSHA regulations do not go into detail with spiders. 1926.21 - In job site areas where harmful plants or animals are present, employees who may be exposed shall be instructed regarding the potential hazards, and how to avoid injury, and the first aid procedures to be used in the event of injury. 1926.250 (c) - Storage areas shall be kept free from accumulation of materials that constitute hazards from tripping, fire, explosion, or pest harborage.

    19. Related Websites Brown Recluse Information: http://www.brownreclusespider.org/ http://www.desertusa.com/desert-animals/brown_spider.html Black Widow Information: http://www.desertusa.com/july97/du_bwindow.html http://doyourownpestcontrol.com/black_widow_spider.htm http://www.badspiderbites.com/black-widow-spider.php

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