Understanding the Unmet Housing Needs of Low Income Asian Households in San Francisco and San Jose Client: Asian Inc.

1. Understanding the Unmet Housing Needs of Low Income Asian Households in San Francisco and San JoseClient: Asian Inc. Researchers: Marites Alvarez, Lehua Asher, Jessica M. Look, Matt Neuebaumer

2. A technical assistance and nonprofit research organization incorporated in 1971 • Aids in the empowerment of Asian American communities to achieve social equality and obtain full use of their material civil rights • Programs include: Small Business Assistance, Housing Development and Rehabilitation and Social Programs and Research • Asian, Inc. Logo demonstrates • Its three major resources: • A highly trained technical staff • Extensive library • Computer technology

3. Housing Division • Purpose is to develop and provide safe, decent and affordable housing for households making 50% - 80% of area median income • Programs include Affordable Housing Development, Single Family Rehabilitation Program, and a First Time Homebuyers Assistance Program • A successful example of an organization that has succeeded in improving the housing conditions of low-income ethnic communities 479 Natoma Street (above) and 450 Ellis St.San Francisco (senior housing to the right)

4. Race and Housing: A Background • Segregation of communities of color and its links to the housing process • Redlining • Direct and Indirect Racial Discrimination • Studies have shown that immigrant status, education and income determine housing tenure choice • SF Housing Element regarding Low-Income Ethnic Communities • 32.6 % Asian in San Francisco* • 27.5 % Asian in Santa Clara County* • Asian homeownership has increased statewide, however has decreased in San Francisco *Source: Census 2000 Source: www.aamovement.net

5. Problem Defined: Task:To identify concentrations of low-income Asian households in San Francisco and San Jose and explore their unmet housing needs How: By analyzing current housing and social conditions, we can infer unmet housing needs Why:To assist Asian, Inc. in the development of future housing products and services that will aid these communities

6. Research Methods • ArcView GIS: to providea geographic analysis using census 2000 variables • Informal Telephone Interviews: to access information from nonprofit and government agencies who work directly with these populations • Policy and Background Research: exam current city housing policies and relevant research regarding the housing needs of low-income ethnic communities

7. Total Number of Asian Households by Tenure Place of Birth by Asian Households Number of Occupants per room by Asian Households Median Gross Rent by Asian Households Median Gross Rent as Percentage of Household Income by Asian Households Breakdown of Asian Populations Sex by Age – Asian Alone Age by Ability to Speak English-Asian Alone Plumbing Facilities Year Housing was Built Average Household Size by Asian Household Family Type by Asian Household Census 2000 Variables

8. HUD 2003 – Income Limits Source: HUD-DATA SETS- http://www.huduser.org/datasets/il/fmr03/

9. How did we choose the study areas?

10. Determined average Asian household size • Looked at concentration of Asian households • Used HUD numbers to determine low-income households • Selected study area based on concentration of 20% or more Asian within income range

11. Determined average Asian household size • Looked at concentration of Asian households • Used HUD numbers to determine low-income households • Selected study area based on concentration of 20% or more Asian within income range

12. Determined average Asian household size • Looked at concentration of Asian households • Used HUD numbers to determine low-income households • Selected study area based on concentration of 20% or more Asian within income range

13. Determined average Asian household size • Looked at concentration of Asian households • Used HUD numbers to determine low-income households • Selected study area based on concentration of 20% or more Asian within income range

14. GIS FINDINGSSAN JOSE

15. Vietnamese & Filipino Population

16. Renters

17. Seniors

18. Percent of Income Used For Rent

19. Overcrowding

20. GIS FINDINGS SAN FRANCISCO

21. Asian Population and Median Income

22. Chinese & Filipino Population

23. Renters

24. Rent Burden

25. Housing Conditions

26. Seniors

27. Social: Chinese populations concentrated in north of Market Filipino populations concentrated south of Market 31 – 65% seniors in Chinatown & South of Market Over 50% Seniors in study area speak little or no English Housing: Poor conditions old buildings significant overcrowding lack of adequate facilities 75 – 100% rental units 25 - 50% of income spent on rent Conclusions- San Francisco

28. Social: Vietnamese communities are concentrated in SW Filipino communities are concentrated in the East Language Barrier for Seniors 80% speak little or no English Housing: Overcrowding Exists everywhere, but most prevalent where 0-17 year olds live Rent Burden 33% of the census tracts studied Conclusions- San Jose

29. San Jose – Study Area Income in Relationship to Affordable Housing Source: www.nlihc.org According to the National Low Income Housing Coalition, none of the San Jose household median Asian incomes are adequateto afford the Fair Market Rent of rentals in that area.

30. Results – Informal Interviews • Need for Low-Income Housing Assistance provided by other agencies than the government • Housing affiliated with cultural identity • Language Assistance • Senior Care

31. Recommendations • Overall Affordable Housing • Multifamily housing (SJ) • Language Assistance • Senior Housing affiliated with a cultural setting • Rehabilitation of substandard housing units (SF) • Rental Assistance for those households who are rent burdened

32. Deliverables • Assessment of housing needs of low-income Asian households in study areas • Tables of pertinent census variables for San Francisco and San Jose • Step-by-step guide how to download variables from the census to use in ArcView • Results from informal telephone survey • ArcView maps

33. References • “New Images Emerging for Bay Area Households,” Anne Martinez, The Mercury News, http://www.bayarea.com/mld/bayarea/news/2813656.html. 2002. • Sommerville, P, & Steele, A, “Race, Housing and Social Exclusion”. London. Metropolitan University, 2002. • “The State of the Nation’s Housing 2002,” The Joint Study for Housing Studies of Harvard University, http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/publications/markets/Son2002.pdf.2002. • Painter, G, Gabriel, S & Myers, D, “Race, Immigrant Status, and Housing Tenure Choice” School of Policy, Planning, and Development, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.2000. • Census 2000-U.S. Federal Government. 2000. • HUD 2003 Income Limits- Data Sets • Final Draft -Housing Element of the General Plan. The San Francisco Planning Department. February 2003. • Housing Element of the General Plan. The San Jose Planning Department. April 2003.

34. Thank You!!!