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ELIMINATION OF IODINE DEFICIENCY IN LATVIA

Latvia (January 8, 1998): 2,434,469. Ethnic composition (1998): 57.1% Latvian, 29.5% Russian, 4.1% Belarusian, 2.7% Ukrainian, 2.5% Polish, 2.3 ...

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ELIMINATION OF IODINE DEFICIENCY IN LATVIA

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  1. ELIMINATION OF IODINE DEFICIENCY IN LATVIA Dr.Med. Guntars Selga, Latvian Food Center

  2. Historical divisions of Latvia ESTONIA Vidzeme Kurzeme Latgale Zemgale LITHUANIA BELORUSIA

  3. Population • Latvia (January 8, 1998): 2,434,469.Ethnic composition (1998): 57.1% Latvian, 29.5% Russian, 4.1% Belarusian, 2.7% Ukrainian, 2.5% Polish, 2.3% Lithuanian, 1.8% others.Riga (January 1998): 790,608. • Citizens: 1,770,355 (72.72% of total population) • Non-Citizens: 646,723 (26.56% of total population) • Foreigners: 17,391 (0.72% of total population)

  4. The definition of the degrees of severity of iodine deficiency (WHO) • Severe < 2,0 g/dl • Moderate 2,0-4,9 g/dl • Mild 5,0-9,9 g/dl • Normal > 10,0 g/dl

  5. FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF IODINE EXCRETION in Baltic States (1995) n=5762; 86 Schools; Mean=9,6 Urinary iodine in Latvia - 98 g/l 50% LATVIA n= 30 schools, 1500 children age 8-12 years

  6. 23-80 g/l 65 g/l 98g/l 60 g/l 70-90 g/l 30-90 g/l 60-70 g/l

  7. PATIENTS WITH GOITRE IN CHILDREN’S CLINICAL HOSPITAL

  8. CHRONICAL THYREOIDITIS IN CHILDREN’S CLINICAL HOSPITAL

  9. PATIENTS WITH THYROTOXICOSIS IN CHILDREN’S CLINICAL HOSP.

  10. 20 SCHOLS INCLUDED IN THE IODINE SURVAY 2000 (n - 600) age 8-12 years Svētciema vsk. Ventspils Tārāles pamatsk. Valmieras Kauguru 9 g. sk. - K.Videnieka Rīgas 77.vidusskola - Rīgas 1.bāreņu internātskola -Rīgas 33.vidusskola -Berģu pamatskola Talsu 2.vsk. Tukuma 2. vsk Varaklānu vsk. Kandavas vsk. Vaiņodes 1.vsk. Matkules vsk. Ļaudonas vsk. Jēkabpils 4.vsk. Liepājas 15.vsk Viļānu vsk. Annenieku vsk. Viesītes p.sk Līvānu 1.vsk

  11. Median Urinary Iodine Excretion Among Latvian Schoolchildren in 2000 (n-600). 23%

  12. 20 SCHOLS INCLUDED IN THE IODINE SURVAY 2000 (n - 600) age 8-12 years 5.44 7.09 7.26 5.77- 7.26 6.7 5.51 3.63 5.82 5.09 6.07 5.14 3.68 8.65 4.9 8.65 5.76 3.96

  13. Source Iodine g/100g Cod 135 Salmon 62 Sea perch 57 Mackerel 45 Goose meet 42 Herring 41 Chockbery 40 Egg 20 Shampinion 18 Milk 16 Source Iodine g/100g Kefir 14 Yoghurt 14 Set milk 13 Beans 12 Swine liver 12 Wheat (summer)11 Lard 10 Rue 9 Cream 9 Garlic 9 Barlay 9 Iodine In The Food(J – 200 gRDA draft in Latvia)

  14. Mineral or vitamin deficiency Iodine Ca P Zn Vit. B6 For assimilation necessary Iron, manganese, phosphorum Boron, PUFA, lisin, Mg Ca, Fe, Vit. B (comlex), Vit. E Ca, Cu, P, Vit. B6 K, Vit. B (comlex), Vit.C, Vit. E Synergistic assimilation

  15. Intake Of Kcalories From Food Group By Sex In Latvia Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  16. Estimated requirement for edible salt in Latvia  8750 tonnes of salt/year (3,5 kg/person year x 2,5 million populatio of Latvia) Salt situation Analysis in Latvia (1999) (during 10 months) - 7000 tonnes of edible salt - 60 tonnes iodized salt Less than 0,9%

  17. Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999 During summer 1997, cross sectional survays were conducted among representative national samples of adults in each country (Estonia: n=2108; Latvia: n=2308; Lithuania: n=2153). • salt consumption

  18. Proportion of Respondents Adding Salt at the Table(males in all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  19. PROPORTION OF RESPONDENTS (womens) ADDING SALT AT THE TABLE(all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  20. Proportion Of Respondents Never Adding Salt At The Table(males in all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  21. PROPORTION OF RESPONDENTS (womens) NEVER ADDING SALT AT THE TABLE Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  22. Proportion Of Respondents Almost Always Adding Salt Before Tasting(males in all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  23. PROPORTION OF RESPONDENTS (womens) ALMOST ALWAYS ADDING SALT BEFORE TASTING Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  24. USE OF SALT WITH ADDITIVES(mens all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  25. USE OF SALT WITH ADDITIVES(womens all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  26. TYPE OF SALT WITH ADDITIVES USED BY COUNTRY (mens all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  27. TYPE OF SALT WITH ADDITIVES USED BY COUNTRY (womens all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  28. Dietary belief by country: “More dietary salt in the diet is of no consequence for your health(mens all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  29. Dietary belief by country: “More dietary salt in the diet is of no consequence for your health(womens all age groups) Nutrition and lifestyle in the Baltic Republics. 1999

  30. ELIMINATION OF IODINE DEFFICIENCY IN LATVIA • To meet iodine requirements, the current recommmended daily iodine intakes necessary: • 50 g for infants (first 12 months of age) • 90 g for children (2-6 years of age) • 120 g for school children (7-12 years age) • 150 g for adults (beyond 12 years of age) • 200 g for pregnant and lacting women Recommended iodine levels in salt and guidelines for monitoring their adequacy and effectiveness, WHO, 1996

  31. Required iodine levels in salt • In order to provide 150 g/day of iodine via iodized salt, iodine concentration in salt at the point of production should be in the range 20-40 mg of iodine per kg of salt. • When all salt used in processed food is iodized, the lower limit (20 mg) is recommended. • Under these circumstances median urinary iodine levels will vary from 100-200 g/l. “Recommended iodine levels in salt and guidelines for monitoring their adequacy and effectiveness”, WHO, 1996

  32. Process Model for IDD Elimination Program in Latvia

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