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Lecture 21 - Mood Disorders I

Bipolar disorder bipolar disorder I, bipolar disorder II, cyclothymic disorder. Mood disorders defined by etiology due to medical condition ...

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Lecture 21 - Mood Disorders I

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  1. Mood Disorders I(Chapter 7)March 10, 2010PSYC 2340: Abnormal PsychologyBrett Deacon, Ph.D.

  2. Exam #2 • Mean score: 34.7/40 (86.8%) • Range: 21 – 40 • #A’s: 57 • #B’s: 50 • #C’s: 14 • #D’s: 1 • #F’s: 1

  3. Current Grades • Grades have been posted to course website • Mean percent = 81.7% • Range: 55.6% – 100% • #A’s: 22 • #B’s: 52 • #C’s: 41 • #D’s: 6 • #F’s: 2

  4. Mood Disorders • Disorders/problems covered in this section • Major Depression • Bipolar Disorder • Suicide

  5. Mood Disorders • Specific attention to: • DSM-IV diagnostic system • Causes (biological, psychological, social), including those from scientific studies and promoted in the media • Treatment (biological, psychological)

  6. Mood Disorders • Organization of the DSM-IV mood disorders section • 1. Types of mood “episodes” – building blocks for defining mood disorders • Major depressive episode • Manic episode

  7. Mood Disorders • 2. Diagnostic criteria for specific mood disorders • Depressive disorders – major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder • Bipolar disorder – bipolar disorder I, bipolar disorder II, cyclothymic disorder • Mood disorders defined by etiology – due to medical condition or effects of a substance

  8. Major Depressive Episode • 5 or more symptoms must be met during a 2-week period • Person must have at least 1 of these symptoms: (1) depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, and (2) diminished interest or pleasure in all or almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day • Other symptoms include: • Significant weight loss/gain or change in appetite • Insomnia or hypersomnia • Psychomotor agitation or retardation • Fatigue or loss of energy • Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt • Difficulty thinking or concentrating • Recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation

  9. Major Depressive Episode • Cardinal features • Persistent sadness • Anhedonia (loss of interest/pleasure) • Biological or “vegetative” symptoms • Cognitive symptoms • Psychotic features – 5%-20% of cases • Hallucinations • Delusions

  10. Major Depressive Episode • What does a Major Depressive Episode look like? • Video clips of Barbara

  11. Major Depressive Disorder • DSM-IV diagnostic criteria: • Presence of major depressive episode • Episode not part of a psychotic disorder • No history of manic episodes

  12. Major Depressive Disorder • Single episode vs. recurrent depression • 85% have recurrent episodes • Typical # episodes = 4 • Typical episode duration = 4-5 months

  13. Major Depressive Disorder • Lifetime prevalence = 16.1% • Twice as common in women • Gender differences disappear by age 65 • Few differences across subcultures • Mean age of onset = 25

  14. Most Common Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Study % With Disorder Kessler et al. (2005)

  15. Manic Episode • One-week period of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood • During period, 3 or more of these symptoms: • Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity • Decreased need for sleep • More talkative than usual or pressured speech • Flight of ideas/racing thoughts • Distractibility • Increase in goal-directed behavior or psychomotor agitation • Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities with potentially negative consequences

  16. Mood Episodes • For both major depressive and manic episodes: • Symptoms cause significant distress or impairment • Symptoms are not substance-induced or due to medical condition

  17. Manic Episode • What does a Manic Episode look like? • Video clips of Mary

  18. Bipolar Disorder • DSM-IV diagnostic criteria: • Presence of manic episode • Person may or may not have a history of major depressive episodes • Episode not part of a psychotic disorder

  19. Bipolar Disorder • Lifetime prevalence = 1.3% • No gender differences • Age of onset – 18-22 • Tends to be chronic

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