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Natural Radioactivity and Health

Brief introduction about natural radioactivity and health related to medical geology

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Natural Radioactivity and Health

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  1. Natural Radioactivity and Health S.M.K. WIJESIINGHE SEU/IS/18/BS/053 BS 1313

  2. CONTENT • Introduction • Associated health issues • Geological influence 4. Examples (case studies, research findings) 5. Monitoring and remedial measures 6. Conclusion 7.References

  3. 1.Introduction What is natural radiation?

  4. 2. Associated health issues • Potential health risks from exposure to ionizing radiation during radioactive decay. • Chronic exposure may increase the risk of cancer, genetic mutations, and other adverse health effects. • Radon gas, a decay product of uranium, is a concern for indoor air quality and lung cancer risk.

  5. 3.Geological influence • Natural radioactivity is influenced by geological composition. • Radiation exposure may be increased in areas where radioactive element concentrations are higher. • Radon gas can be released by some formations, such as granite.

  6. 4. Examples (case studies, research findings) 1.Natural radionuclides and trace elements in rice field soils in relation to fertilizer application: study of a chronic kidney disease area in Sri Lanka • This study examines the potential connection between the increasing cases of unexplained chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Sri Lanka's dry zone and environmental exposure to heavy metals, particularly in rice field soils. • Higher levels of Ca, K, Ba, Pb, and Zr are found in dry zone soils, while Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, and Zn levels are lower compared to non-CKD wet zone soils. The study highlights elevated K-40 content in rice field soils and identifies fertilizer samples

  7. 2. Annual committed effective dosage from natural radionuclides by ingestion of local food growing in mineral mining area, Sri Lanka • The study focuses on the radiological impact of consuming food grown in Pulmoddai, Sri Lanka, an area with the country's largest mineral sand deposit and identified as a high natural background radiation zone. • Various seasonal crops, including cereals, vegetables, nuts, fruits, and yams, were collected to create common meal plans consumed by residents. Analysis using a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer revealed elevated levels of 40K in every food sample, along with trace amounts of 137Cs, 232Th, and 7Be. • Despite these findings, the total committed effective dosage from gamma-emitting radionuclides in both cooked meals and raw foodstuff was well below harmful levels, indicating that the food consumed in Pulmoddai is radiologically safe according to International Atomic Energy Agency standards.

  8. 3. Evaluation of radioactivity in soil and rock samples from an undiscovered sea beach in the southeastern coastline of Bangladesh and associated health risk • This study represents the inaugural assessment of radiological hazards associated with the sands and rocks of Patuartek Sea Beach, located along the extensive coastline of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. • Utilizing an HPGe detector, the analysis revealed activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K within ranges deemed safe by international standards in both soils and rocks. • While some sand samples displayed elevated levels of 232Th, rock samples showed higher concentrations of 40K compared to the global average. Importantly, the calculated radiological hazard parameters remained below recommended

  9. 5. Monitoring and remedial measures a. Radiation Monitoring Regular use of dosimeters and detectors. Assess radiation levels in the environment, workplaces, and homes. b. Radon Mitigation Adequate ventilation, sealing, and mitigation systems. Focus on reducing indoor radon levels. c. Public Awareness Education about the risks, especially in high-risk areas. Promoting radon testing and awareness campaigns.

  10. 6. Conclusion • Natural radioactivity provides advantages as well as disadvantages. • Maintaining this balance is essential to safeguarding human health.

  11. 7.References • JH Hendry, SL Simon, A Wojcik… - Journal of …, 2009 - iopscience.iop.org • D Shahbazi-Gahrouei, M Gholami… - Advanced biomedical …, 2013 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov • T Warnakulasuriya, S Williams… - Radiation Protection …, 2020 - academic.oup.com • R Chandrajith, S Seneviratna… - Environmental Earth …, 2010 – Springer • T Weerakkody, S Williams, T Warnakulasuriya… - Journal of Geoscience …, 2022 - scirp.org • Jayasinghe . U. C. Pinnawala . T. Rathnayaka . V. Waduge Annual committed effective dosage from natural radionuclides by ingestion of local food growing in mineral mining area, Sri Lanka C.

  12. Thank you!

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