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Nutrients and Nutrient Requirements

Nutrients and Nutrient Requirements. Topic 3041 Anna Blight. Nutrients. Any feed component that functions in the support of life. Carbon (C) Calcium (Ca) Chlorine (Cl) Cobalt (Co) Copper (Cu) Fluorine (F) Hydrogen (H) Iodine (I) Iron (Fe) Magnesium (Mg). Manganese (Mn)

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Nutrients and Nutrient Requirements

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  1. Nutrients and Nutrient Requirements Topic 3041 Anna Blight

  2. Nutrients Any feed component that functions in the support of life

  3. Carbon (C) Calcium (Ca) Chlorine (Cl) Cobalt (Co) Copper (Cu) Fluorine (F) Hydrogen (H) Iodine (I) Iron (Fe) Magnesium (Mg) Manganese (Mn) Molybdenum (Mo) Nitrogen (N) Oxygen (O) Phosphorus (P) Potassium (K) Selenium (Se) Sodium (Na) Sulfur (S) Zinc (Zn) 20 Chemical Elements in Nutrients

  4. Six Basic Classes of Nutrients • Water • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Vitamins • Minerals

  5. Concentrates Cereal grains Oil meals Molasses Dried milk products Roughages Hays and straws Silage Cut green feeds Grazed forages Composition of Feeds

  6. Concentrates • High in energy • Low in fiber • Highly digestible • Includes corn, wheat, barley, oats, milo, soybean meal, linseed meal, and cottonseed meal

  7. Roughages • Less digestible than concentrates • Bulkier, coarser feed

  8. Water • Most important nutrient • Contains hydrogen and oxygen • Transports other nutrients • Helps maintain normal body temperature

  9. Carbohydrates • Major energy source • Contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen • Found in grains and hays

  10. Fats • Fats and oils are primary energy source • 2.25 times more energy / pound than carbohydrates • Contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

  11. Protein • Only nutrient class that contains nitrogen • Protein in feeds contain average of 16% nitrogen • Building blocks of the body • Proteins compose most of the muscle mass

  12. Minerals • Elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen • Macrominerals are required in larger amounts • Microminerals required in smaller amounts • Necessary for healthy body functions

  13. Vitamins • Organic nutrients, contain carbon • Provide for very specific body functions • Required in very small amounts • 16 known vitamins in animal nutrition • A, C, D, E, K, choline and the B-complex vitamins

  14. Energy • Two basic functions run by energy • are maintenance and reproduction • Supplied by nutrients containing carbon • Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins all supply • energy • Energy evaluation of feeds is measured • by total digestible nutrients, digestible • energy, energy for metabolism, and • net energy

  15. Importance of Nutrition Energy supplied by nutrients are used to drive a variety of body functions and power animal movement

  16. Healthy and productive livestock require proper nutrition Reference Taylor, R.E., Field, T.G. (1998). Scientific Farm Animal Production. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Pp. 269-282.

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