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CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS

CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS. CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS. HOW VIEWS OF MENTAL ILLNESS HAVE CHANGED OVER TIME CURRENT CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS WHERE DRAW THE LINE BETWEEN MENTAL ILLNESS AND NORMALITY?. PRE 20TH CENTURY. PRE-20TH CENTURY. MENTAL ILLNESS IS UNIVERSAL

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CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS

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  1. CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS

  2. CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS • HOW VIEWS OF MENTAL ILLNESS HAVE CHANGED OVER TIME • CURRENT CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS • WHERE DRAW THE LINE BETWEEN MENTAL ILLNESS AND NORMALITY?

  3. PRE 20TH CENTURY

  4. PRE-20TH CENTURY • MENTAL ILLNESS IS UNIVERSAL • MENTAL ILLNESS LIMITED TO SMALL NUMBER OF MOST SERIOUS CONDITIONS • MENTALLY ILL HIGHLY STIGMATIZED

  5. CAUSES • NOT MUCH KNOWN • SUPERNATURAL • BRAIN DISEASE

  6. EARLY TREATMENT

  7. EARLY TREATMENT • LITTLE KNOWLEDGE • PRE-19TH CENTURY – FAMILY RESPONSIBILITY OR LEFT TO FEND FOR SELVES • NO OUTPATIENT TREATMENT • 19TH CENTURY - SHUT AWAY IN INSTITUTIONS

  8. PRE-20TH CENTURY • LIMITED TO SMALL NUMBER OF SEVERE CONDITIONS • MENTALLY ILL BIZARRE AND DIFFERENT FROM NORMAL • CAUSES UNKNOWN • INSTITUTIONALIZED

  9. CURRENT CONCEPTIONS

  10. CURRENT CONCEPTIONS • BEGAN WITH DSM-III (1980) - NOW NEARLY 400 CONDITIONS • NOT JUST MOST SEVERE CONDITIONS BUT MANY DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

  11. M.I. WIDESPREAD • NO LONGER SEEN AS UNUSUAL BUT MANY PEOPLE AFFECTED BY THEM • 50 PERCENT OF POPULATION OVER LIFETIME; 20 PERCENT IN ANY GIVEN YEAR

  12. NORMALIZATION • MENTALLY ILL NOT SEEN AS DIFFERENT FROM NORMAL • MENTALLY ILL NOT CERTAIN KIND OF PERSON BUT NORMAL PERSON WITH PARTICULAR DISEASE

  13. MEDICALIZATION • EMOTIONS AND BEHAVIORS VIEWED AS MENTAL ILLNESSES • TREATED BY PROFESSIONALS • GENETICS AND BRAIN CHEMISTRY AT FAULT

  14. TREATMENT

  15. TREATMENT • SSRI - SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS - “ANTI-DEPRESSANTS” • HUGE INCREASE IN DRUG TREATMENT - 60 MILLION SCRIPTS • 3 OF 7 MOST PRESCRIBED DRUGS

  16. THERAPEUTIC CULTURE • MORE PEOPLE IN TREATMENT AND MORE MENTAL HEALTH PROFS.

  17. RATES OF TREATMENT

  18. SUMMARY OF TRENDS • FROM ONLY SERIOUS TO MANY CONDITIONS • FROM RARE TO WIDESPREAD • FROM STIGMATIZED TO MEDICALIZED

  19. SUMMARY OF TRENDS • FROM INSTITUTIONS TO OUTPATIENT THERAPY AND DRUGS • FROM SEGREGATION TO PART OF CULTURE

  20. WHERE DRAW THE LINE? • ARE TOO MANY CONDITIONS MEDICALIZED NOW? • HOW CAN WE SEPARATE WHAT’S M.I. FROM WHAT’S NORMAL?

  21. SOPRANOS • BEHAVIORS VIEWED AS DISEASES • CHANGE OVER TIME FROM ROWDY TO SICK • CONFLICT WITH MUCH LAY CULTURE • RISE OF M.H. PROFESSIONALS • TREATMENT NOT PUNISHMENT

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