Brain Tumour Facts to Know | Neurowellness

1. Brain Tumours – Facts to know!! Home / Brain / Brain Tumours – Facts to… Brain tumours may be cancerous (malignant )or non cancerous (benign). Almost 1 million cases occur in a year in India. Exact Cause is usually not known. Brain tumour can arise primarily in brain called Primary brain tumour and secondarily can arise from other part of the body and spread to brain called secondaries or metastatic brain tumours. 1. Benign – slow growing, not cancerous and won’t spread to surrounding structures 2. Malignant – fast growing, cancerous and spread to surrounding structures. May reoccur after the treatment. Most common brain tumours – Meningiomas, Gliomas, Pituitary adenomas, Acoustic schwannomas. I) Primary brain tumours – 1. Meningiomas – Arise from meninges 2. Gliomas – Arise from brain and spinal cord.- astrocytomas, glioblastomas, ependymomas, oligoastrocytomas,and oligodendrogliomas. 3. Pituitary adenomas 4. Acoustic schwannomas 5. Craniophyryngiomas-non cancerous 6. Medulloblastomas- common in children and behind brain and spreads in cerebrospinal spinal fluid. 7. PNET – Primitive neuroectodemal tumour, starts in embryonic cells of brain. These can occur anywhere in brain. There are 4 grades Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Lower the grade is least malignant(usually no contrast enhancement), grade 4 is highly malignant(contrast enhances). II) Secondaries(metastatic) – Secondary (metastatic) brain tumours are tumours that result from cancer that starts elsewhere in your body and then spreads (metastasizes) to brain. Secondary brain tumours most often occur in people who have a history of cancer. But in rare cases, a metastatic brain tumour may be the first sign of cancer that began elsewhere in your body. In adults, secondary brain tumours are far more common than are primary brain tumuors. Any cancer can spread to the brain, but common types include: Breast cancer Colon cancer Kidney cancer Lung cancer Melanoma Prostate Thyroid Gynecological tumours Risk factors are Neurofibromatosis

2. Ionising radiation Epstein Barr virus History of cancer in the family Exposure to vinyl chloride All headaches are not due to brain tumours, all tumours may not produce headaches. Headaches in the morning Extreem nausea Headache relieved by vomiting Vision problems Seizures Repeated episodes of headache Symptoms depending on location of tumour-behaviour disturbance, ataxia Management – Brain tumours are diagnosed by CT Scan-screen the brain most of the time. MRI SCAN – to know the exact location and spread. MR Spectroscopy – to know the nature. PET scan – to know the secondaries. ANGIOGRAM – to see the brain vessels Biopsy from the tumour. Survival Median survival 1. Low grade astrocytoma is 5 years or more 2. Glioblastoma – 1 year 3. Anapalastic astrocytoma – 3 years Lower grade can be converted into higher grade Treatment – 1. Surgery – Surgery is the usual first treatment for most brain tumours. Neuroradio-imaging, earlier diagnosis, systematic planning, preoperative, anaesthetic management, Neuro microscopes and surgical micro instruments, it is possible to remove significant amounts of brain tumour through relatively safely. For most benign tumours, treatment is often successful and a full recovery is possible, although there’s sometimes a small chance the tumour can reoccur. Regular follow-up is advised to monitor. 2. The advent of PET CT, IGRT(image guided radiation therapy) and Gamma knife surgery(stereotactic radio surgery) is revolutionizing the treatment of various problems in the brain, including benign brain tumours in eloquent locations, like the motor cortex, basal ganglia, brain stem or near the optic nerve. Howsoever, all Brain tumours do not require operation and many are treatable with radiation or chemotherapy or Gamma Knife. 3. Radio surgery 4. Gamma knife 5. Chemotherapy Advances in tumour surgery – which has made brain surgery safe 1. CUSA(Cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspiration) 2. Neuronavigation(minimally invasive) 3. Awake craniotomy(to resect tumour accurately) 4. Interventional MRI(real time surgery) 5. Neuroendoscopy

3. 6. Pre-operative embolisation(endovascular to minimise bleeding) 7. Sterotaxy Rehabilitation – Physiotherapy Speech therapy Occupation therapy February 24, Category: Brain By neuroadmin 2018 0 Comments Tags: brain tumor treatment in Bangalore Share this post      Related posts Head Injury – Types of Head Injury and Treatment December 10, 2017 Stroke – Risk factor, warning signs and latest treatments December 10, 2017 Headache – Various types of headaches including increased intracranial pressure (ICP) December 10, 2017 Worsening signs of brain tumor you should know December 10, 2017

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