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International Organizations

International Organizations. Continue…. UN Environment Program (UNEP). Established in 1972 by General Assembly Resolution 2997 following the Stockholm Conference Based in Nairobi and comprises a Governing Council of fifty-eight members elected by the General Assembly

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International Organizations

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  1. International Organizations Continue…

  2. UN Environment Program (UNEP) • Established in 1972 by General Assembly Resolution 2997 following the Stockholm Conference • Based in Nairobi and comprises a Governing Council of fifty-eight members elected by the General Assembly • Reports to the General Assembly through ECOSOC • Following UNCED and WSSD, it remains The only UN body exclusively dedicated to international environmental matters

  3. UN Environment Program (UNEP)Tasks • Promote international environmental co-operation • Provide policy guidance for environmental programs within the UN system • Receive and review reports from UNEP’s Executive Director on the implementation of the UN’s environment programs • Review the world environment situation • Promote scientific knowledge and information and contribute to technical aspects of environmental programs • Maintain under-review the impact of national and international environmental policies

  4. UN Environment Program (UNEP)Relation to Environmental Law • Has been responsible for the development of several global environmental treaties • more than thirty environmental treaties on sea program • 1985 Vienna Convention (Ozone) • 1987 Montreal Protocol (----Ozone), • the 1989 Basel Convention (Hazardous Waste), • the 1992 Biodiversity Convention, • the 2000 Bio-safety Protocol • Focused attention on the inadequacy of existing international legal instruments • Division of Policy Development

  5. UN Environment Program (UNEP)Priorities • Environmental information, assessment and research • Environmental emergency response capacity • Strengthening of early warning • Enhanced the co-ordination of environmental conventions • Development of policy instruments • Support to African states.

  6. UN Development Program (UNDP)Establishment • Established by The UN General Assembly in 1965 • The principal channel for multilateral technical and investment assistance to developing countries • Active in all economic and social sectors and has addressed environmental issues since the early 1970s • Receives voluntary contributions from participating states as well as donors

  7. UN Development Program (UNDP)Tasks • Six thematic practice areas, including energy and environment • Focus on building developing country capacity to protect natural resources wisely, acquire them affordably and use them sustainably • Help developing countries strengthen their capacity to deal with challenges at global, national and community levels • Provide policy advice • Administers several special purpose funds which are relevant to environmental matters

  8. International Law Commission (ILC) • Established by the General Assembly in 1947 to promote the progressive development of international law and its codification • 1947 15 members • 1956 21 members • 1961 22 members • 1981 34 members • Important contribution to the development of general aspects of international law, including the law of treaties, state responsibility, and treaties between states • Contributed significantly to the development of international environmental law • Contributed to the development of the 1958 Geneva Conventions (seas and oceans) • 2001 Draft Articles on the Prevention of Trans-boundary Harm from Hazardous Activities

  9. Other UN Specialized Agencies • FAO 1945 • UNESCO 1945 • International Maritime Organization 1948 • World Health Organization 1946 • International Atomic Energy Agency 1956

  10. Case for Discussion: http://www.bicusa.org/en/Project.58.aspx http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RS22876.pdf

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