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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. Introducing Hardware. You Will Learn…. That a computer requires both hardware and software to work About the many different hardware components inside and connected to a computer How the CPU works and how it communicates with other devices. Hardware Needs Software.

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Introducing Hardware

  2. You Will Learn… • That a computer requires both hardware and software to work • About the many different hardware components inside and connected to a computer • How the CPU works and how it communicates with other devices

  3. Hardware Needs Software

  4. Primary Functions of Hardware

  5. Communication Between Hardware and Software • Binary number system • ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) • Hexadecimal notation (hex)

  6. Binary Code

  7. ASCII

  8. PC Hardware Components • Input/output • Processing • Storage • Electrical supply • Communication

  9. Elements Required for Hardware Devices to Operate • Method for the CPU to communicate with the device • Software to instruct and control the device • Electricity to power the device

  10. Hardware Used forInput and Output • Most resides outside computer case • Communicates through a port or a wireless connection

  11. Port Connections for I/O Devices

  12. Most Popular Input Devices

  13. Most Popular Output Devices

  14. Hardware Inside the Computer Case • Motherboard (CPU, memory) • Permanent storage (floppy, hard, CD-ROM drives) • Power supply • Circuit boards • Cables

  15. Inside the Computer Case

  16. The Motherboard • Largest and most important circuit board • Contains the CPU, with which all devices must communicate

  17. The Motherboard

  18. Ports Provided by Motherboard to Outside of Case • Serial • Parallel • USB • Game • Keyboard • Mouse

  19. Ports Provided by Motherboard to Outside of Case

  20. Major Components of Motherboards • For processing • CPU (performs most actual data processing) • Chip set (supports CPU by controlling system board activities) • For temporary storage • RAM continued…

  21. Major Components of Motherboards • To allow CPU to communicate with other devices • Traces or wires • Expansion slots • System clock • Electrical system • Power supply connections • Programming and setup data • Flash ROM • CMOS setup chip

  22. The CPU

  23. The Chip Set

  24. Storage Devices • Primary storage (temporary) • Temporarily holds data and instructions as CPU processes them • Also called memory or RAM • Secondary storage (permanent)

  25. Primary and Secondary Storage

  26. Primary Storage • RAM storage • SIMMs (single inline memory modules) • DIMMs (dual inline memory modules) • RIMMs (manufactured by Rambus)

  27. RAM Chips

  28. Types of RAM Modules

  29. How Much Memory Is Installed

  30. Secondary Storage Devices • Hard disks • Floppy disks • Zip drives • CD-ROMs • DVDs

  31. Hard Drives

  32. Hard Drive • Most use EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics) technology, which can accommodate up to four IEDE devices on one system

  33. Hard Drive

  34. Hard Drive

  35. Hard Drive

  36. Hard Drive

  37. Floppy Drive

  38. Floppy Drive

  39. CD-ROM Drive

  40. Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices • Bus • System clock • Expansion slots • PCI: High-speed input/output devices • AGP: Video card • ISA: Older and/or slower devices

  41. Bus Lines

  42. Data Bus

  43. System Clock • Synchronizes activity on the motherboard • Controls pace of activity by sending continuous pulses over the bus that different components use

  44. System Clock

  45. Expansion Slots

  46. Expansion Slots

  47. Interface (Expansion) Cards • Enable CPU to connect to external devices or to a network • Determine function by looking at the end of the card that fits against back of computer case

  48. Expansion Cards

  49. Expansion Cards

  50. Identifying Expansion Cards

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