Internet2 International Partnerships Program A very quick view of Research and Education Networks around the World

1. Internet2 International Partnerships ProgramA very quick view of Research and Education Networks around the World K-20 Advisory Meeting 2 May 2005 Arlington, Virginia Ana Preston <apreston@internet2.edu>

2. Outline • Who is this person with the funny accent? • An overview: Internet2 International Partnerships • Quick view of networking developments around the world • Africa • Europe and the Middle East • Asia and Oceania • Latin America • Opportunities

3. International Partnerships • Partnerships are key to Internet2 • International partners are of strategic importance to Internet2 • Global collaborations • Science, research, teaching and learning area all increasingly global • Support global collaborations with an equivalent GLOBAL leading edge networking capability – through partners around the world • Interoperability, joint development of new technologies • International Partner Program: • Build effective partnerships in other countries • With organizations of similar goals/objectives and similar constituencies • In support of the Internet2 membership

4. Supporting science user communities and beyond • Research increasingly dependent on access globally to resources, collaborators, data, scientific instruments. • Access to scientific instruments with specific geo-location needs (e.g., optical and radio telescopes) • Unique instruments: impractical or unfeasible for each country to “afford” for its own (e.g., Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva, electron microscope in Japan) • Access to/collecting geo-specific data and getting it back for analysis, visualization, sharing, prevention • Environmental, Atmospheric/Oceanographic Studies • Access to the US (resources) and to non-US resources • Teaching and learning; new opportunities, new knowledge, international learning communities • ….and many more 4

5. International Partner Program • Mechanism: Memoranda of Understanding • Provide/promote interconnectivity between communities • Collaborate on technology development and deployment • Facilitate collaboration between members on applications • Engagement to: • Establish leading, high-performance network infrastructures in support of science, teaching and learning • Ensure global coordination and end-to-end performance in support of our communities • Promote role of National Research and Education networks (NRENs) • 50 organizations (International partners) representing over 75 countries • http:/international.internet2.edu

6. Current International Partners Asia-Pacific Americas AAIREP (Australia) APAN (Asia-Pacific) APAN-KR (Korea) CERNET/CSTNET/ NSFCNET (China) JAIRC (Japan) JUCC (Hong Kong) NECTEC/UNINET (Thailand) NG-NZ (New Zealand) SingAREN (Singapore) TANet2 (Taiwan) CANARIE (Canada) CEDIA (Ecuador)CLARA (Latin America & Caribbean) CUDI (Mexico) CNTI (Venezuela) CR2NET (Costa Rica) REUNA (Chile) RETINA (Argentina) RNP (Brazil) SENACYT (Panama) Europe Africa ARNES (Slovenia) BELNET (Belgium) CARNET (Croatia) CESnet (Czech Republic) DANTE (Europe) DFN-Verein (Germany) GIP RENATER (France) GRNET (Greece) HEAnet (Ireland) HUNGARNET (Hungary) INFN-GARR (Italy) NORDUnet (Nordic Countries) POL-34 (Poland) FCCN (Portugal) RedIRIS (Spain) RESTENA (Luxembourg) RIPN (Russia) SANET (Slovakia) Stichting SURF (Netherlands) SWITCH (Switzerland) TERENA (Europe) JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom) MCIT [EUN/ENSTIN] (Egypt) Related partnerships APRU (Asia/Pacific) IEEAF World Bank Middle East Israel-IUCC (Israel) Qatar Foundation (Qatar)

7. US International Connectivity • Links between the US and other countries funded through various sources • Outside the US: many of our partners procure and operate links from their country to the US • US-funded: • US NSF provides funding through IRNC (was HPIIS) program for some links • DOE provides some funding for CERN-procured and operated links to US • Internet2 funds used for some connectivity • Donations: IEEAF has made donations from Tyco Telecom available to the R&E networking community • What type of connections? • 45 Mbps - multiple 10Gbps • Also at Layer 1 and 2 (dedicated lightpaths ) – GLIF model (www.glif.is) • International exchange points • Around US borders (including north and south borders of US) • Facilitate connectivity with Internet2 infrastructure and other US national networks • More than 60 countries reachable via the Internet2 Abilene backbone network

8. Networks reachable via Abilene - by country Last updated: April 2005 Europe-Middle East Asia-Pacific Americas Austria (ACOnet) Belgium (BELNET) Croatia (CARNet) Czech Rep. (CESNET) Cyprus (CYNET) Denmark (Forskningsnettet) Estonia (EENet) Finland (Funet) France (Renater) Germany (G-WIN) Greece (GRNET) Hungary (HUNGARNET) Iceland (RHnet) Ireland (HEAnet) Israel (IUCC) Italy (GARR) Latvia (LATNET) Lithuania (LITNET) Luxembourg (RESTENA) Malta (Univ. Malta) Netherlands (SURFnet) Norway (UNINETT) Poland (POL34) Portugal (RCTS2) Qatar (Qatar FN) Romania (RoEduNet)Russia (RBnet) Slovakia (SANET) Slovenia (ARNES) Spain (RedIRIS) Sweden (SUNET) Switzerland (SWITCH) United Kingdom (JANET) Turkey (ULAKBYM) *CERN Australia (AARNET) China (CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET) Hong Kong (HARNET) Japan (SINET, WIDE, JGN2) Korea (KOREN, KREONET2) Singapore (SingAREN) Philippines (PREGINET) Taiwan (TANet2, ASNet) Thailand (UNINET, ThaiSARN) Argentina (RETINA) Brazil (RNP2/ANSP) Canada (CA*net) Chile (REUNA) Mexico (Red-CUDI) United States (Abilene)Peru (RAAP) Venezuela (REACCIUN-2) Africa Central Asia Algeria (CERIST) Egypt (EUN/ENSTIN) Morocco (CNRST) Tunisia (RFR) South Africa (TENET) Armenia (ARENA) Georgia (GRENA) Kazakhstan (KAZRENA) Tajikistan (TARENA) Uzbekistan (UZSCI) More information at http://abilene.internet2.edu/peernetworks/international.html

9. Abilene International Peering Last updated: 27 April 2005

10. NRENs in general • The idea of national research (and education) networks continues to be popular • New NRENs in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Mediterranean, Middle East – Pakistan, New Zealand, Jordan • Typically one per country • Connect universities • Sometime also connect government research labs • Other education institutions • Not-for-profit or government/ministry-based • Continuum from commercial Internet access, to reliable-leading-edge (production) to experimental to network research facilitating networks

11. A picture of where NRENs exist Current MoU Partners Developing Partnerships Related Efforts in Formation

12. Global research and education network infrastructure • Interconnecting NRENs • Regional (continental-scale) backbone growth • Increasingly regionalized networking • European GEANT, Asian cluster efforts, Latin American redCLARA • Continental backbones providing transit to other regions • Aggregate inter-continental bandwidth now sometimes greater than continental bandwidth • Trend away (albeit slowly) from US as center of the world • Many initiatives outside the US are engaging and establishing leadership roles in connecting to the world • European – South American connectivity • European – Asian connectivity 12 12/08/03

14. Europe • High-performance R&E networks – pan-European network is GEANT • GEANT2 backbone in midst of finalizing procurement • Several national networks building out owned/leased fiber (NL, CH, PL, CZ, SK) • Wavelength-based international facilities and connections: NetherLight, Czech Rep., NordicLight, UKLight • European-funded connectivity to other regions than Europe • SEEREN (southeastern Europe) • ALICE (Latin America) • TEIN2 (Southeast Asia) • EUMEDCONNECT (Mediterranean) • Algeria, Cyprus, Israel, Malta, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkey now connected • Trans-Atlantic connectivity between US and Europe • Multiple links

15. Middle East • Qatar Foundation – connectivity for Doha Education City universities and U. Qatar to US (NYC, LA) • Interest in U.A.E., Oman occasionally • Afghanistan • Pan Arab Research and Education Network Feasibility Study • Canadian initiative

16. Americas • Latin America • redCLARA regional backbone network up and running • emerging NRENs in Caribbean • North America • Canada’s leading role • NSF-funded WHREN/LILA project • Connectivity between North and South America

17. Asia-Oceania • APAN: Asia-Pacific Advanced Network • Country-owned point2point links contributed to APAN • Most connect to APAN/Tokyo XP • Cluster efforts (Northeast, Southeast, Oceania) to create regional backbones • Intra-Asian connectivity continues to grow • see http://apan.net/documents/linkinfo.xls • Australia • Connectivity to New Zealand, Fiji, Hawaiian Islands, Japan • Central Asia – Virtual Silk project • Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan now connected (via DFN (Germany) • Limited satellite connectivity

18. Africa • North Africa – EUMEDCONNECT • Egypt (Ministry of Information and Communications Technology) connecting to US (already transiting via GEANT) • South Africa – TENET tunnel to GEANT/London • NSF-funded study grant (G. Sadowsky, J. Mack, D. Riley) • This Meeting

19. Challenges for NRENs • Many NRENS around the world are still dealing with traditional telecom models and costs • Lack of competition and price-competitive capacity (intra-country) and between countries • Many still largely based on commercial Internet services at low speeds • Regulatory frameworks • Limited global connectivity • Beyond networks, applications, content, sustainability and the human factor: • Country developments are varied; disparities in capabilities and resources • Lack of awareness among policy makers and user communities for long-term strategic support to sustain networking for national S&T and economic development • Lack of funding for R&E and for NRENs

20. Some lessons? • Example: in Latin America, projects like AMPATH and the CLARA initiative have played a role in the way in which LA&C countries communicate among themselves, and with countries outside the region • NRENs regionalized networking can aggregate traffic within the region enabling more effective routing to other parts of the world • NRENs can play a role in supporting national science and linking to international community • Generally, there is improved connectivity that will also support improved and new collaborations with partners in other regions. • NRENs role can be: • Strategic role: policy/regulatory, capacity building, and ‘bridging’ • Can help towards establishing concrete regional and core frameworks around which to organize national and international support BUT…

21. Some lessons – cont. • Uses over infrastructure – applications • Support and long-term sustainability • A final word on role of Internet2 international staff • To help bridge relationships • To help track international connectivity into the United States and the Internet2 infrastructure • To the extent possible, to support Internet2 members interested in international collaborations. • Staff: Ana Preston, Program Manager, International – apreston@internet2.edu Heather Boyles, Director, Member and Partner Relations – heather@internet2.edu Karen Doemer, Program Assistant – kdoemer@internet2.edu

22. Thank you! • Please let us know how we can be of help • Role and strategic importance of international program