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PERCEPTION INFLUENCES EMOTION

PERCEPTION INFLUENCES EMOTION. Melisa Cengic, Northern Virginia Community College, Reston Psychology 201/Dr. Stratton Wednesday 7 pm. Table of Contents. Cultural Influence ………………………………... 3 What is culture …………………………...... 4 Cultural diversity ……………………...…... 7

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PERCEPTION INFLUENCES EMOTION

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  1. PERCEPTION INFLUENCES EMOTION Melisa Cengic, Northern Virginia Community College, Reston Psychology 201/Dr. Stratton Wednesday 7 pm

  2. Table of Contents • Cultural Influence ………………………………... 3 • What is culture …………………………...... 4 • Cultural diversity ……………………...…... 7 • Hypnosis ………………………………………..... 11 • Facts about hypnosis …………….....….. 14 • Sexual Motivation …………………………….... 16 • Sex and media …………….…………..… 17 • Sexual motivation and the brain ……... 20 • Emotion …………………………………………... 23 • Emotion and research …………….....… 24 • Emotion and the brain ……………..….. 26 • Fear and anger …………………….....… 27

  3. I. Cultural Influence - Variation Across Cultures -

  4. a) What is culture? • Language • Values • Morals • Behavior • Religion • Appearance … and much more! Culture is anything that sets certain groups apart! Culture is our identity!

  5. b) The idea of culture According to Clyde Kluckhohn (American anthropologist, 1905 -1960) culture is: • 1. "the total way of life of a people" • 2. "the social legacy the individual acquires from his group" • 3. "a way of thinking, feeling, and believing" • 4. "an abstraction from behavior" • 5. “a theory on the part of the anthropologist about the way in which a group of people in fact behave” • 6. "a storehouse of pooled learning"

  6. 7. "a set of standardized orientations to recurrent problems" • 8. "learned behavior" • 9. “a mechanism for the normative regulation of behavior” • 10. “a set of techniques for adjusting both to the external environment and to other men" • 11. "a precipitate of history" • 12. a behavioral map, sieve, • or matrix

  7. c) Cultural diversity There are things that all humans share. A smile always means the same, no matter in which part of the world we are.

  8. There are also big differences between cultures. We do things the way we learned from our environment. Even though we are able to adapt to a new environment, we might find things from other cultures odd (= cultural difference). Human Nature Manifests Human Diversity! EXAMPLES:

  9. Hill Tribe women have black teeth. It is a symbol of beauty! In most other parts of the world white teeth are a symbol of beauty!

  10. People in India eat dinner on the floor. People in the U.S. eat dinner at the table.

  11. II. Hypnosis

  12. Is hypnosis an easy way out? People think that hypnosis can make their problems disappear.

  13. Can hypnosis really have a healing effect?

  14. Facts about Hypnosis • There is evidence that hypnosis was used by ancient Egyptians. • Hypnosis is not magic. It does not enable us to do things we could never do otherwise. • Hypnosis is a state of extreme relaxation; it can relieve pain by leading our thoughts away from it.

  15. While we are in a hypnotic state, we are open for suggestions and our imagination is curbed. It is easy for ahypnotist to plant nonexistent memories in our brain. • Hypnosis can help to cure addiction but it should not be used to treat mental health problems! • Hypnosis can have a strong placebo effect; people who want to believe in it think they are doing unimaginable things.

  16. III. Sexual Motivation - The psychology of sex -

  17. We are exposed to sexual material through the media all the time.

  18. This changes our perception and makes our arousal decrease. We experience the contrast effect: Insert your partner here When we see this… … what we have … … appears to be this.

  19. Insert your partner here When we see this… … what we have … … appears to be this.

  20. Difference between male and female brain Men and women get aroused to the same amount and both have sexual fantasies. The difference is that the men’s amygdala shows more activation.

  21. The male vs. female brain(comic illustration)

  22. IV. Emotion

  23. Emotion and research • Charles Darwin proposed that emotion is universal and we are born with it. • Paul Ekman, who was influenced by Darwin, studied international emotion and facial expressions.

  24. According to Robert Plutchik emotion is complex; it is more than just a feeling.

  25. Emotion and the brain The amygdala gets information from different parts of the brain to process it into emotion

  26. Two very powerful emotions are FEAR and ANGER.

  27. Fear • Can affect our lives in negative ways. • It can be helpful too: when we are scared we develop extreme strength that can be essential for our survival. • Further we experience the fight or flight effect.

  28. Anger • Anger can cause physical problems like heart attack, weight gain, hair loss, etc. • Venting anger does not help. Instead it is better to wait until the anger is gone, forgive the person we are angry at, or distract ourselves.

  29. THE END

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