Daniel 9

1. Daniel 9 Foretelling the Arrival of the Messiah

2. Daniel 9 • Daniel is still troubled by the vision of Daniel 8 which he had in 550/549 BC • 12 years have passed and it is now 538/537 BC • Gabriel in this chapter will return to finish his work (8:16)

3. Daniel 9 • This was very close to the time of Daniel’s experience in the den of lions

4. Daniel 9 • Daniel most probably understood that 2300 evenings/mornings was another way of saying 2300 days (Gen. 1, Eze. 4:6) • Daniel had also probably known Jeremiah from his childhood in Jerusalem • He now decides to go back and see what Jeremiah wrote concerning the restoration of Jerusalem v. 2

5. Daniel 9 • Jeremiah 25:11- For thus says the Lord: when seventy years are completed for Babylon I will visit you, and I will fulfill to you my promise and bring you back (to Jerusalem).

6. Daniel 9 • Jeremiah 29:10-12; For I know the plans I have for you, says the Lord, plans for welfare and not for evil, to give you a future and a hope. Then you will call upon me and come and pray to me and I will hear you. You will seek me and find me, when you seek me with all your heart.

7. Daniel’s Example of Prayer • 1. He prayed in earnest (fasting, sackcloth and ashes) v. 3 • 2. He depended on God’s righteousness and mercy, not his own v. 18 • 3. He used the Bible v. 13

8. Daniel Example of Prayer • 4. He confessed his own sins and the sins of his people v. 11-15 • 5. He sought the glory of God and of His sanctuary v. 16-18 • 6. He claimed God’s promises v. 19

9. God Answered His Prayer • V. 21 – God sends Gabriel at the time of the evening sacrifice to answer Daniel’s prayer • V. 22,23 – He wants to give him wisdom and understanding. • He tells him that he is dearly beloved by God and as soon as he started praying God commanded him to come and explain the “vision”

10. Great Controversy • We know that we are locked into a great battle between Satan and God on this earth; (Gen. 3:15, Ez. 28, Isa. 14, Rev. 12) • So God shows Daniel how He will defeat and destroy the enemy

11. What is Gabriel Explaining? • Recall that Gabriel could not finish explaining the vision of Chap. 8 because Daniel got sick. When he returns to explain, he says: “…therefore understand the matter, and consider the vision.” What vision is Gabriel referencing? • There has been no vision since Chap. 8. In Dan. 9 Gabriel came to explain the portion of Dan. 8 he had not explained. • The pattern in Daniel is, 1st a vision or dream, then an explanation. See Dan. 2, 7, 8. • But in Chap. 9 there is only an explanation. This means that the vision to be explained is that immediately preceding Daniel 9 – specifically that portion of Dan. 8 that remained unexplained, and which caused Daniel’s sickness

12. Daniel 9:24-27 Explains Daniel 8:26 • Dan 8:17 “So he came near where I stood. And when he came, I was frightened and fell on my face. But he said to me, "Understand, O son of man, that the vision [chazon] is for the time of the end.” • Dan 8:19 “He said, "Behold, I will make known to you what shall be at the latter end of the indignation, for it refers to the appointed time of the end.” • Dan 8:26 “The vision [mareh]of the evenings and mornings that has been told is true, but seal up the vision, for it refers to many days from now." • Gabriel uses Chazon when he means the whole vision including the mareh – the 2300 days. • He uses Mareh when speaking of the 2300 days.

13. Daniel 9:24-27 Explains Daniel 8:26 • How did Gabriel identify what he came to explain? • Dan 9:23 At the beginning of your pleas for mercy a word went out, and I have come to tell it to you, for you are greatly loved. Therefore consider the word and understand the vision [mareh].

14. Verse 24 • Seventy weeks are decreed concerning your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.

15. Verse 25 • Messiah Prince to come: So you are to know and discern that from the issuing of the decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until the Messiah Prince there will be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks, • City will be rebuilt but with problems: it will be built again, with plaza and moat, even in times of distress.

16. Verse 26 • Messiah to be cut off: Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and have nothing • Desolater prince to destroy the city: and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. And its end will come with a flood, even to the end there will be war. Desolations are determined.

17. Verse 27 • Messiah to invalidate sacrifices: And he will make a firm covenant with many for one week but in the middle of the week he will cause sacrifice and offering to cease • Desolater prince to be destroyed: and on the wing of abomination will come one who makes desolate even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate.

18. Seventy Weeks • 70 weeks = 70 weeks x 7 days = 490 days = 490 years because in symbolic Bible Prophecy 1 day equals 1 year of normal time. Eze. 4:6 • Decreed = amputated, cut off (chatak) 2300 day prophecy Start|-----------------------------------------|Finish 490 day prophecy |------------------| Out of the 2300 days

19. Segments of Seventy Weeks 7 weeks 62 weeks 1 week 3½ 3½ |----------|----------------------------------|----|----|

20. When did the 70 weeks begin • V. 25 – from the decree to rebuild and restore Jerusalem • 1. 538 Decree – by Cyrus – to resettle and rebuild temple (50,000 Jews) • 2. 519 Decree – by Darius I – Confirmed the decree of Cyrus • 3. 457 – by Artaxerxes I Longimanus – Only decree that gave authority to the Jews to govern, have judges and rule according to Jewish law and Persian law, even to apply the death penalty – Jerusalem was at last the capital of the Jewish world again

21. 70 Weeks Prophecy 7 weeks 62 weeks 1 week 49 years 434 years 7 years 3½ 3½ |----------|----------------------------------|--------| 457 408 BC AD 27 31 34

22. Jewish nation • Your people and your holy city = Jewish nation and Jerusalem • God is giving the Jewish nation this time within which they are to take two actions: • 1.Finish the transgression, and • 2. Make an end of sin. • God’s actions are also two: • 1. Make atonement for iniquity, and 2. Bring in everlasting righteousness. • The last two are accomplished through the promised Messiah Heb. 9:26

23. Seal up vision and prophecy • There are two crucial actions in this verse: • Our sins are dealt with – Jesus came to take our sins away for good Heb. 9:26-28 • The vision and prophet are sealed – this is God’s guarantee that the entire prophecy (2300 days) of which the 70 weeks are part, will definitely be fulfilled

24. To Anoint a Most Holy “Place” • “Place” is not in the original Hebrew of this passage. Translators added it because “Most Holy” is Sanctuary terminology • Examples: -altar of burnt offering (Ex. 29:37) -golden altar (Ex. 30:10) -sin offerings (Lev. 6:29) -incense (Ex. 30:36)

25. Anoint a Most Holy “Place” • Jesus wanted to anoint the most holy sanctuary – the one in Heaven

26. Verse 25 • Unto the Messiah (anointed) Prince there will be 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks = 69 weeks x 7 = 483 years) 483 years 7 weeks 62 weeks |-------------|-----------------------------------| 457 408 27 AD

27. What happened in 27 A.D.? • Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist at the River Jordan • The Holy Spirit in the shape of a dove anointed Jesus for His mission

28. Verse 26 • After 62 weeks [within the 70th week] the Messiah will be cut off and have nothing • Jesus was crucified a short 3½ years after His baptism

29. Verse 26 • The people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and sanctuary. • 70 A.D. – Titus and his Roman army destroyed Jerusalem and the temple

30. Verse 26 • And its end will come like a flood, even to the end there will be war; desolations are determined • Jewish War 66-73 A.D. – half a million Jews died; almost depopulating Palestine

31. Verse 27 • And He (the Messiah Prince) will make a firm covenant with many for one week • 27-34 A.D. – John the Baptist, Jesus, apostles all preached to the Jews the Covenant blessings.

32. 70 Week Prophecy 7 weeks 62 weeks 1 week 49 years 434 years 7 years ½ ½ |----------|----------------------------------|----|----| 457 408 BC | AD 27 31 34 • Something was supposed to happen in the middle of this last week

33. Verse 27 • But in the middle of the week He will cause sacrifice and offering to cease • Hebrews 10:4-9; Mark 15:38 – Jesus did away with the validity of all animal sacrifices at His death – in 31 A.D.

34. Verse 27 • And on the wing of abomination will come one who makes desolate • Jesus foretold of the Roman siege of Jerusalem – and He used Daniel!

35. Verse 27 • Even until a complete destruction, one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate • Dan. 7:11 foretold of a time when both pagan and Christian Rome will receive their punishment from God

36. Verse 27 • How did the last week end? • Jews finally rejected the message that Jesus was the Messiah and killed Stephen – after this the gospel went to the Gentiles too

37. Prophecy fulfilled 7 weeks 62 weeks 1 week 49 years 434 years 7 years 3½ 3½ |----------|----------------------------------|--------| 457 408 BC | AD 27 31 34 Jesus’ life and ministry Crucifixion Jerusalem rebuilt

38. Daniel 8 Review • V. 13 For how long is the vision concerning the continual (Christ’s ministry in Heaven), the transgression that makes desolate (pagan and Christian Rome) and the giving of the sanctuary and host to be trampled underfoot (the powers that destroyed and obscured Christ’s ministry in Heaven)

39. Daniel 8 • V. 14 – And he said unto me, “Until 2300 evenings and mornings then the sanctuary will be cleansed” • The 490 years were “cut off” from the 2300 days – which reach to the time when Christ would begin the cleansing of the Heavenly Sanctuary in the Day of Atonement i.e.. the Pre-advent Judgment

40. 2300 day prophecy 2300 evenings and mornings 490 days |--------------------------------------------------| |-|-------|----|----| 1844 457 27 31 34 Jesus begins the cleansing of the Heavenly Sanctuary

41. UNTIL 2300 DAYS Daniel’s Seventy Weeks 49 years for the rebuilding of Jerusalem – Dan. 7:25 434 years to Messiah The Prince – Dan 9:25-26 John baptizes Jesus 1844 Judgment begins Christ’s baptism to His crucifixion – 3 ½ years 69 Weeks 7 Weeks 62 Weeks From the Resurrection to Stoning of Stephen3 ½ years 4 5 7 BC 1 8 4 4 AD 1 Week 31 AD 7 years 49 434 years 1810 years 70 weeks

42. When did Christ Begin His Most Holy Place Ministry in Heaven? • 1844 – He is fulfilling His promise to Daniel to cleanse His people and His Sanctuary

43. How do we know that it happened? • The first part of the prophecy is already fulfilled • Daniel 9:23,24 – Gabriel came to help him understand the vision (from Daniel 8); Gabriel said this 490 year prophecy would “seal the vision”

44. Jesus wants us to understand it! • Daniel 8:16 – Jesus commanded Gabriel to help Daniel understand this vision

45. Review – Daniel 2,7,8,9 • 605-539 – Babylon Jews– captivity • 539-331 – Medo-Persia 457 – Jerusalem to be • 331-168 – Greece rebuilt • 168 B.C. – 476 A.D. Rome 27 – Baptism – Jesus 31 – Crucifixion 34 – Stephen killed • 476 A.D. – Present, Europe 1844 – Judgment ? ? ? – Second Coming

46. Second Coming • All time prophecies of Daniel have ended – are you ready for the next event?