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State of Happiness in Hong Kong 2006

State of Happiness in Hong Kong 2006. An IHSS Study Lok Sang Ho Centre for Public Policy Studies Lingnan University. How happy are HK people?. Question: Overall, How happy are you? 0 indicates very unhappy 10 indicates very happy The score is then multiplied by100.

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State of Happiness in Hong Kong 2006

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  1. State of Happiness in Hong Kong 2006 An IHSS Study Lok Sang Ho Centre for Public Policy Studies Lingnan University

  2. How happy are HK people? Question: Overall, How happy are you? 0 indicates very unhappy 10 indicates very happy The score is then multiplied by100

  3. Are you happier over the last 10 years? • Question: • Are you happier over the last 10 years? • 0 ------------------------ 5 ----------------- 10 (Happiness Decreased a lot) (No change) (Increased a lot) The score is then multiplied by 100

  4. Happiness Index & Are HK people happier over the last 10years, 2005 & 06

  5. Happiness Index by Age Groups2006

  6. Main Findings in 2006 Survey • Overall reading is 70.58, still a very good result by international standards. Working population happier than last year; non-working population less happy than last year. • Young people in their 20s clearly happier than last year, at 69.86, as compared to 67.39.

  7. Happiness Index by Age Groups (Working Population only) 2005 and 06

  8. Inequality-adjusted happiness index • Adjusted with reference to the dispersion of happiness indices across groups • We have not done the adjustment; but disparity has narrowed across age groups in 2006

  9. Personal Income by Age Groups 2005

  10. Personal Income by Age Groups 2006

  11. Happiness Index by Occupation2005 & 06

  12. Happiness Index by Occupation2005 & 06

  13. Sources of Changes? • Improving job market for young people (Compared with last year, more young people move to higher income category) • Happiness index for clerical staff and elementary occupation also increased significantly this year. This reflects the labour market in 2006 is much better. • Possible factors that trouble the elderly people and housewife : less company with family members busy with their work?

  14. Happiness by Sex

  15. Happiness Index by Marital Status

  16. Happiness Index by Spiritual Practice vs No Spiritual Practice

  17. Happiness Index by Education 2006

  18. Happiness Index by Education and Income Low personal income = <$6999 High personal income = >$7000

  19. Happiness by Industry in 2006

  20. Life Goals

  21. Major Concerns of HK People:Health Quite A Concern : 10 denotes Most Worried (22.3%) Mean=6.78 n=820

  22. Health Care Expenses: Quite a Concern: 10 denotes Most Worried (16.3%)

  23. Income Not Meeting Needs : Some 7.9% are most worried

  24. Worries over Post Retirement Expenses: 13.3% Most Worried

  25. Education Cost: A Major Concern for 8.5% of Families with Children

  26. Relations with Family Members: 7.6% Most Worried

  27. Relations with Colleagues: Usually not a concern

  28. Relations with Superiors at Work: Generally Not a Concern

  29. Worried about inadequate democracy: a significant minority- some 6.6 % most worried

  30. Judicial Independence and Lawfulness: 11.2 % Most Worried

  31. Regression Analysis Dependent variable: Happiness Index * = 10% Sig. and *** = 1% Sig.

  32. Importance of Open Election of HKSAR Chief Executive vs. Civic Liberties on Happiness

  33. Conclusions • Hong Kong people are generally happy • Young people much happier over last year • Loving, caring people are the happiest; • Love starts from the family; • Spiritually inclined people happier than those after material gains; • Unemployment, medical spending, retirement concerns, relations with family members are key sources of unhappiness in HK: Policy relieving these worries will promote happiness • Educated people usually happier, but effect is mainly through the effects of education attainment on income

  34. Conclusions • Public policy should make a serious attempt to alleviate these worries; • Schools should teach students how to cope with life’s challenges; they do not seem to have done a good job in this regard; • Young people are much happier in 2006, benefiting from the brighter economic prospects; • Long work-hours probably are making non-working members of the family unhappy; • Hong Kong still a very attractive place to live in.

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