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Site Testing at San Pedro Mártir Observatory

Site Testing at San Pedro Mártir Observatory. Remy Avila. SPM. Where is it ?. Where is it precisely ?. ~ 70 km. San Pedro Mártir Sierra 2800 m above sea level Pine tree area surrounded by desert. SPM. 60 km. 60 km. Orography. Elena Masciadri. Some Climatological Data.

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Site Testing at San Pedro Mártir Observatory

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  1. Site Testing at San Pedro Mártir Observatory Remy Avila

  2. SPM Where is it ?

  3. Where is it precisely ? ~ 70 km • San Pedro Mártir Sierra • 2800 m above sea level • Pine tree area surrounded by desert

  4. SPM 60 km 60 km Orography Elena Masciadri

  5. Some Climatological Data • From 10 yrs of weather statisctics (Tapia 1992): • Sky transparency: 56.7 % photometric, 80.4% spectroscopic • Clouds: similar to La Silla, Tololo, slightly better than Mauna Kea • Optical depth at 215 GHz (Hiriart et al. 1997): • Median: 0.22 -> comparable to Mauna Kea • 210 days of measurements

  6. Humidity at the Site (from 21 months) night summer winter 21 months of data Michel et al. 2001

  7. Wind at the Site (from 2 months) • 2 months of data: • January, February 2000 • Confirmed by • Alvarez 1969 • Echevarría 1998 • Conan 2001 Michel et al. 2001

  8. CN2(h)Monitoring with Generalized Scidar 2.1m telescope, 21 March 1997 1.5m telescope, 8 May 2000 20 10-15 15 10-15 10-16 Altitude above sea level (km) 10 CN2(h) ( m-2/3 ) 10-17 5 10-16 0 10-18 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 UT UT Observatory altitude

  9. 20 15 Altitude above sea level (km) 10 5 0 10-18 10-17 10-16 10-15 Median Turbulence Profiles 1997 2000 Bars limits: 1st and 3rd quartiles 1.5mT 10-18 10-17 10-16 10-15 20 15 2.1mT Altitude above sea level (km) 10 5 0 10-18 10-15 10-18 10-15 CN2(h) ( m-2/3 ) CN2(h) ( m-2/3 )

  10. Seeing Near the Ground and in the Free Atm. Near the Ground (1st Km) Free atmosphere Total Median: 0.50 0.29 Median: 1.17 1.08 Median: 0.94 0.98 1.5mT 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 With a mean dome seeing: 0.41¨ 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 Median: 0.56 0.53 Median: 0.44 0.61 Median: 0.77 0.89 2.1mT 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 Seeing (arcsec) Seeing (arcsec) Seeing (arcsec) SPM 97 SPM 2000

  11. Wind profiles Monitoring 2.1m telescope, 21 March 1997 Wind speed Turbulence strength 1.5m telescope, 8 May 2000 20 10-15 15 10-15 10-16 0 6 13 20 26 33 40 m/s 10 CN2(h) ( m-2/3 ) 10-17 5 10-16 10-18 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 UT UT Observatory altitude

  12. Outer scale Conan et al. 2001

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