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Skeletal System

Skeletal System. What is included in skeletal system?. Bones Ligaments (bone to bone) Tendons (bone to muscle). Bone Function. Support Protection Movement Blood cell formation Inorganic salt storage. A closer look at bone tissue. Spongy vs. Compact Bone.

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Skeletal System

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  1. Skeletal System

  2. What is included in skeletal system? • Bones • Ligaments (bone to bone) • Tendons (bone to muscle)

  3. Bone Function • Support • Protection • Movement • Blood cell formation • Inorganic salt storage

  4. A closer look at bone tissue

  5. Spongy vs. Compact Bone Spongy bones don’t have concentric circles, but trabeculae (sheets/spikes)

  6. Components of all bone tissue • Organic Components (35%) • Osteocytes • Osteoclasts-resorption • Collagen (main component) • Gives bone strength and resilience

  7. Components of Bone Tissue B. Inorganic components (65%) 1. Mineral salts = calcium and phosphorus a. make bone hard and resistant to crushing

  8. Types of Bones • Long Bone • Diaphysis/Shaft • Epiphyses/Heads • Epiphyseal line • Periostenum • Nutrient Foramen • Articular cartilage Examples?

  9. Types of Bones 2. Short Bone

  10. Type of Bone 3. Flat Bones Examples?

  11. Types of Bones 4. Irregular Bones

  12. Osteogenesis/Ossification • Embryos have only connective tissue “skeletons,” no bone • Ossification begins at 6-7 weeks • 2 Mechanisms: • Intramembranous ossification • Endochondral ossification

  13. Intramembranous Calcification • Originate from sheetlike layers of connective tissue

  14. Endochondral Ossification • Originate from masses of connective tissue

  15. Through infancy and childhood, growth occurs at epiphyseal plate

  16. Ossification Timetable

  17. Bone Remodeling and Repair

  18. Bone Remodeling • Controlled by: • Parathyroid hormone (stimulates osteoclasts) • Calcitonin (inhibits osteoclasts)

  19. What do you need for proper growth and remodeling? • Minerals • Vitamins • Hormones • HGH • Sex hormones • PT • Calcitonin

  20. How does exercise affect your bones? • Mechanical Stress causes increased deposition of mineral salts and productions of collagen fibers • Makes bones stronger

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