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Trust in researchers/ Privacy of researched

Trust in researchers/ Privacy of researched . Sally Wyatt , Maastricht University & e-Humanities Group, KNAW. Amsterdam Privacy Conference, 9 October 2012. Changing research context. Growth of universities – of numbers of staff & students, of (inter)disciplines

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Trust in researchers/ Privacy of researched

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  1. Trust in researchers/Privacy of researched Sally Wyatt, Maastricht University & e-Humanities Group, KNAW Amsterdam Privacy Conference, 9 October 2012

  2. Changing research context • Growth of universities – of numbers of staff & students, of (inter)disciplines • Increased accountability – for quantity & quality of output, wider range of social actors • Success of ‘big’ science – large inter-national & inter-disciplinary teams • Use of digital technologies in all stages of knowledge production (and in administration) • Decliningtrust in/authorityof science

  3. Institutional logics for research ethics • Self-regulation, 1945-75 – Mertonian norms of universalism, communalism, disinterestedness & organized scepticism • Preventing misconduct, 1975-90 – rise of local Institutional Review Boards (in US and some other countries – by no means all) • Promoting integrity, 1990--- new threats to Mertonian norms from changing research environment

  4. From US Office of Research Integrity(& on websites of 400 US universities) Research misconduct means fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results. • Fabrication is making up data or resultsandrecording or reportingthem. • Falsification is maniputing research materials, … or changing or omitting data… • Plagiarism is the appropriation of anotherperson’sideas…without givingappropriate credit. • Research misconduct does notincludehonest error or differences of opinion.

  5. e-Research • Invokes interesting object of study • Foregrounds practice of research rather than infrastructure • Acknowledges diversity of research methods (not only high-performance computing) • Sensitive to disciplinary practices • Evocative nature of term serves to catalyse hope, resistance, controversy – and serves as early warning of paradigmatic struggle, methodological innovation & ethical reflection

  6. Approaches to online material • It is publiclyavailable – cite & acknowledge as anyothermaterial (White 2002) • Protect privacy & anonymity of materialprovidedby/about (traceable) individuals (Beaulieu & Estalella 2011) • Contextualintegrity (Nissenbaum 2010) • Alienation (Bakardjieva & Feenberg 2000) • Thinidentity (Carusi 2008) • Fabrication (Markham 2012) • Private-public – continuum or binary or dialectic? Whatdifference does it make toresearchers, to users of social media?

  7. Another logic of ethics? • Being earnestly ethical (Bakardjieva) • Doing no harm to respondents is not the only ethical principle • Ethical obligations to other social actors: • Other scholars – transparency, professional standards • Relations of trust between archivists & researchers • Public – duties of openness, effective use of money (avoid unnecessary duplication of data collection) • Participants – avoid unnecessary duplication of effort; ensure wider use (many participants do so to ‘help science’)

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