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TELESCOPES

Learn about the different types of telescopes, their advantages and disadvantages, and the functions they serve. Discover the best viewing conditions for telescopes and explore the various non-optical telescopes used in space exploration.

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TELESCOPES

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  1. TELESCOPES

  2. Telescopes • Write what is in YELLOW • You will be accountable for text in yellow on quizes.

  3. Where do we put telescopes to have the best viewing conditions? 1. On Earth: CLEAR HIGH DRY COLD DARK

  4. Problem with Telescopes on Earth? Problem: Particles of all sorts in the atmosphere block and cloud the view

  5. 2. In Space Solves atmosphere problem – CLEAR VIEW! Examples: Hubble, Cobe , Iras

  6. Problem with telescopes in space? They’re in space! Hard to get to Hard to repair EXPENSIVE!!!

  7. Functions of a Telescope • Collect Light • Magnify Images • Separate Distant Objects • Use as a Camera

  8. I. OPTICAL TELESCOPES(USE VISIBLE LIGHT) Two types: • Refractor – BENDS LIGHT Invented by Hans Lippershey in 1608 Refined by Galileo in 1609

  9. Galileo demonstrating his telescope

  10. Tololo Observatory - Chile

  11. TYPE 1 – REFRACTING TELESCOPE How does it work? • It bends light to create an image • It uses two lenses 1. eyepiece (ocular) lens - small 2. objective lens - large

  12. Draw it!

  13. Type 2 – Reflecting Telescope • Invented by Isaac Newton in 1668 • Uses two mirrors Objective Mirror – Large Secondary (flat) mirror – Small c. Can be VERY LARGE 40 ft - 50 ft diameter objective mirror!

  14. 2. Reflector – USES MIRRORS Cheap and common

  15. Draw It!

  16. Most Modern Telescopes combine technologies • Examples • Hubble • Kepler - http://kepler.nasa.gov/

  17. Advantages of a reflector • only one side of the mirror. • (on a refractor the lens has two sides) – cheaper and distortion is less of a problem. • The whole back of the mirror can be supported, therefore can be made very LARGE

  18. II. Non-optical Telescopes • Radio Telescopes a. Location – Earth (atmosphere does not affect radio waves) b. Structure – Large metal dish

  19. c. Size – very large because radio waves have a very long wavelength

  20. d. Arrays – sets of multiple radio telescopes that allow for more data to be gathered.

  21. Ex – VLA (very large array) in Socorro, New Mexico 27 dishes. SETI– Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence looking for intelligent radio signals

  22. Other Non-Optical Telescopes(all are satellites) 2. Infrared – IRAS launched 1983

  23. 3. Microwaves – COBE Cosmic Background explorer. Discovered evidence of the Big Bang. Launched 1981

  24. COBE Image of CBR

  25. 4. X-Rays – Chandra Launched 1999

  26. Cassiopeia Super Nova

  27. Black Hole

  28. Crab Nebula

  29. Saturn

  30. 5. Gamma Rays – GRO Gamma Ray Observatory

  31. Milky Way

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