1 / 21

Structure of An Atom Notes

Structure of An Atom Notes. 6 Elements that are needed for living things ____________ ____________ = 96% of the Human Body. CHNOPS. CHNO. Atoms = ________________________ ________________________ = has all the characteristics of that element

afra
Télécharger la présentation

Structure of An Atom Notes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Structure of An Atom Notes

  2. 6 Elements that are needed for living things ____________ • ____________ = 96% of the Human Body CHNOPS CHNO

  3. Atoms = ________________________ ________________________ = has all the characteristics of that element = ________________________ ________________________ smallest particle of an element basic building block of all matter

  4. e- NUCLEUS e- e- e- e- e- e- ELECTRONS negative(e-) e- e- Electron cloud PROTONS positive (p+) Neutrons neutral (n°)

  5. All nuclei are _________ because of the ________. • Each element has a different number of _________ positive protons protons

  6. e- e- e- e- e- e- e- NUCLEUS e- Energy Levels Energy Levels e- e- 2 8 18

  7. e- e- e- e- e- e- NUCLEUS e- e- Energy Levels Example: Oxygen = 8 e- 2 6

  8. Atomic Number 8 15.9994 Atomic Weight • The # of p+ in nucleus • Determines which element an atom is O = the total # of particles an atom

  9. 8 15.9994 + = Number of n° Number of p+ MASS NUMBER Atomic Number O Atomic Weight then if you ROUND You will get the… Mass Number = the sum of p+ and n° Number of Neutrons = Mass # - Atomic #

  10. 8 15.9994 O What’s an isotope? So, why is this a decimal? It is an average of all the isotopes!

  11. The Nuclei of 3 isotopes of H+ TRITIUM DEUTERIUM PROTIUM + + + 1 PROTON 1 PROTON 1 NEUTRON 1 PROTON 2 NEUTRONS Definition of isotope Atoms that have the same # of p+ but different # of n°

  12. Substance with atoms of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined Compounds = • Example of Compounds: • H2O • CO2 • NaCl • C6H12O6 • HCl • NH4

  13. e- e- e- e- e- e- e- NUCLEUS e- Atoms come together when the result is more ________ than the individual atoms stable If electron levels are filled to capacity then it is STABLE e- e- 2 8 18

  14. How do they fill energy levels? • 1) BY SHARING ELECTRONS • 2) BY GAINING OR LOSING ELECTRONS

  15. Method One: sharing electronsExample: Hydrogen e- H e- H H e- unstable sharing electrons is called "covalent bonding"

  16. H H O Another example: H20 = water stable & happy!

  17. Examples of Molecules with Covalent Bonding: • sugars, fats, proteins, & water • “MOLECULE” = group of atoms held together by a covalent bond

  18. Method Two: gaining or losing electrons • An atom (or group of atoms) that gains or loses electrons = ION = (charged particle) If I gain an electron then I will become more negative If I lose a negative electron then I will become more positive

  19. 11 e- 11 p+ 17 e- 17 p+ Cl Na Na Cl + unstable unstable

  20. stable Na Cl ionic bond Ionic bond = attractive force between 2 ions of opposite charge

  21. MIXTURE Combination of substances in which the individual components retain their own properties Can be separated Ex: chex mix SOLUTION Mixture in which 1 or more substances (solutes) are distributed evenly in another substance (solvent) Ex: Jello Difference between a mixture & a solution

More Related