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Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World

Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World. Europe entering a period of transition The Age of Enlightenment. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World. Social Contract John Locke

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Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World

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  1. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World

  2. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Europe entering a period of transition • The Age of Enlightenment

  3. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Social Contract • John Locke • Enlightenment philosophers advocated political and legal equality

  4. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • American Revolution (1775-1783) • Causes • Forming the United States

  5. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • The French Revolution (1789-1799) • France in debt from wars throughout 1700s • French society divided into three estates

  6. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Peasants and middle class bore the burden of paying taxes • Louis XVI convened the Estates General in May 1789

  7. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Budget crisis evolved into political crisis • The Fall of the Bastille July 14, 1789 • National Assembly ratified the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen on August 1789

  8. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Constitutional monarchy declared in 1791 • French Revolution became an international crisis

  9. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Louis XVI put on trial for treason • Republic declared

  10. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • French Revolution became radicalized • Maximilien Robespierre came to power • The Reign of Terror • The Directory (1795-1799)

  11. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte (1768-1821) • Background • Gifted Leader

  12. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Napoleon restored stability to France • Napoleonic Wars

  13. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World Napoleon’s Empire

  14. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Revolution spreads throughout the Americas • Haiti • The American and French Revolutions inspired Spanish colonies to declare independence

  15. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World Latin America by 1830

  16. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Influence of The French Revolution • Conservatism • Liberalism

  17. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • French and American Revolutions challenged institution of slavery • Enlightenment and Revolutions challenged beliefs of male dominated society

  18. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Nationalism • Nation • State • Nation-state • French Revolution inspired nationalist movements

  19. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Zionism • Jews in Europe had been subject to restrictions since the Middle Ages • French Revolution gave equal rights to Jews in Europe • By the end of the 19th century, Zionist movement arose

  20. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • The Congress of Vienna (1815) • Ended the Napoleonic Wars • Dominated by the Great Powers: Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia • Goal was to prevent new revolutions and chaos • Nationalism was considered a threat to European diplomatic order • Great Powers tried to prevent national revolutions

  21. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Nationalist Revolutions broke out throughout the 19th century • Greece (1821) • Revolutions broke out in 1830

  22. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • The Revolution of 1848 • Nationalist Rebellions • Successes

  23. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • Italian Unification (1860-70) • The French Revolution • Count Camillo di Cavour

  24. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World • German Unification (1864-1871) • Liberal attempt to unite Germany • Otto von Bismarck

  25. Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World German and Italian Unification

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