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Chapter 18

Chapter 18. Soil Conservation. Objectives. List the effects of soil erosion Describe how soil erosion occurs List the types of water and wind erosion Calculate soil loss from water erosion on a field Describe ways to prevent erosion. Cross-wing ridges Cross–wind trap strips

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Chapter 18

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  1. Chapter 18 Soil Conservation Soil Science and Management, 4E

  2. Objectives • List the effects of soil erosion • Describe how soil erosion occurs • List the types of water and wind erosion • Calculate soil loss from water erosion on a field • Describe ways to prevent erosion Soil Science and Management, 4E

  3. Cross-wing ridges Cross–wind trap strips Ephemeral gullies Filter strips Gully erosion Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) Rill erosion Saltation Sheet erosion Splash erosion Surface creep Suspension Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) Wind Erosion Equation (WEQ) Terms to Know Soil Science and Management, 4E

  4. Erosion • Cost of erosion Figure 18-1 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  5. Erosion Figure 18-2 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  6. How Water Erosion Occurs • Texture and structure • Slope Figure 18-6 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  7. How Water Erosion Occurs • Surface roughness • Soil cover • Types of water erosion Soil Science and Management, 4E

  8. Predicting Soil Loss: The Universal Soil Loss Equation • Tolerable soil loss Soil Science and Management, 4E

  9. The Universal Soil Loss Equation Figure 18-12 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  10. The Universal Soil Loss Equation Figure 18-13 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  11. The Universal Soil Loss Equation Figure 18-14 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  12. The Universal Soil Loss Equation Figure 18-15 Figure 18-16 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  13. The Universal Soil Loss Equation • Sample solution • Applications of the USLE • The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Soil Science and Management, 4E

  14. Controlling Water Erosion • Conservation tillage Figure 18-17 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  15. Controlling Water Erosion • Soil cover Figure 18-18 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  16. Controlling Water Erosion • Crop rotation Figure 18-19 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  17. Controlling Water Erosion • Grassed waterway • Contour tillage (See Figure 18-21) Figure 18-21 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  18. Controlling Water Erosion • Strip-cropping • Improving organic matter Soil Science and Management, 4E

  19. Controlling Water Erosion • Terraces (See Figure 18-24) • Filter strips • Diversions Figure 18-24 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  20. Wind Erosion Figure 18-25 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  21. Wind Erosion • Cause of wind erosion Figure 18-26 Soil Science and Management, 4E

  22. Wind Erosion • Effects of wind erosion • Factors in wind erosion • Preventing wind erosion • Critical periods Soil Science and Management, 4E

  23. Summary • Three fifths of soil lost to erosion washes away in running water • Water/wind erosion: • Strips topsoil • Reduces yields • Deposits sediments • Two thirds of soil erosion from wind • Ways to control erosion: • Grow vigorous crops • Maintain organic matter • Avoiding overtillage and compaction • Crop rotation • Contour tillage, strip cropping, and terraces Soil Science and Management, 4E

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