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Newton’s 2 nd Law of Motion

Newton’s 2 nd Law of Motion. 2 nd Law Defined. The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied Describes the motion of an object when an unbalanced force acts on the object. Acceleration Depends on Mass.

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Newton’s 2 nd Law of Motion

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  1. Newton’s 2ndLaw of Motion

  2. 2nd Law Defined • The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied • Describes the motion of an object when an unbalanced force acts on the object

  3. Acceleration Depends on Mass • The acceleration of an object decreases as its mass increases • The acceleration of an object increases as its mass decreases

  4. Example • Suppose you are pushing an empty cart. You have to exert only a small force on the cart to accelerate it. But, the same amount of force will not accelerate the full cart as much as the empty cart.

  5. Acceleration Depends on Force • An object’s acceleration increases as the force on the object increases. • An object’s acceleration decreases as the force on the object decreases. • The acceleration of an object is always in the same direction as the force applied.

  6. Example • Suppose you give the cart a hard push. The cart will start moving faster than if you gave it only a soft push. The cart will move forward because the push was in the forward direction.

  7. Expressing 2nd Law Mathematically • The relationship of acceleration (a) to mass (m) and force (F) can be expressed mathematically: • a = F/m • F = m x a • m = F/a

  8. Example • What is the acceleration of a 3 kg mass if a force of 14.4 N is used to move the mass? • (Note: 1 N is equal to 1 kg x m/s2)

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