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Omega-3 FA in broiler breeder nutrition

Omega-3 FA in broiler breeder nutrition. Astrid Koppenol. Introduction. Yolk provides FA to embryo (80% absorbed ) Yolk lipids : n-3 PUFA N-3 PUFA  eicosanoids  immunity BUT! Effect on breeder performance? Effect on egg quality ? Effect on incubation ?

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Omega-3 FA in broiler breeder nutrition

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  1. Omega-3 FA in broilerbreedernutrition Astrid Koppenol

  2. Introduction • Yolkprovides FA to embryo (80% absorbed) • Yolklipids: n-3 PUFA • N-3 PUFA  eicosanoids  immunity • BUT! • Effect on breeder performance? • Effect on eggquality? • Effect on incubation? • Effect on FA profile? • Effect on growthoffspring?

  3. Omega-3 FA

  4. Objectives • Investigate effect of maternaltransition of • Arachidonic acid AA (20:4 n-6) • Eicosapentaenoic acid EPA (20:5 n-3) • Docosahexaenoic acid DHA (22:6 n-3) • on: • Performance of broilerbreederflock • Incubation parameters • Eggquality • Chick quality • Performance of offspring • FA compositonfreshyolk – residualyolk – liver of offsprings • During time: age of motherflock: 28 – 33 – 38 – 43 – 48 – 53 - 58 weeks

  5. Performance of broilerbreeders • 480 BroilerBreeders (Ross 308) + 48 cockerels • Week 6 – week 58 • 4 Feeds: A: n-6: control B: n-3: EPA=DHA EPA/DHA = +/- 0,8 C: n-3: DHA-richEPA/DHA = +/- 0,2 D: n-3: EPA-richEPA/DHA = +/- 2,1

  6. BroilerBreeders Weeklymeasured Week 25-58 Mean per pen (n=4) • n-3 effect on: • EW • LR • n-3 no effect on: • FCR • BW

  7. EggQuality Week 28-43-58 60 eggs/treatment • n-3 effect on: • EggWeight (g) • AlbumenWeight (g) • YolkWeight (g) • Yolkcolor • Shell Thickness (µm) • n-3 no effect on: • Shell Weight (g) • Proportional AW (%) • Proportional YW (%) • ProportionalSW (%) • Eggdeformation (µm) • Haugh unit

  8. Incubation Parameters • n-3 no effect on: • Chick quality • Chick weight (g) • Proportional CW (%) • Middleand late embryonicmortality (%) • Differences are found on: • Fertility (%) • Hatchability (%) • Earlyembryonicmortality (%) • Cockerels/methodology • Residualyolkweight (g) • Proportional RYW (%) Week 33-38-43-48-53-58 150 eggs/ treatment

  9. Offspring Performance Week 28-43-58 600 eggs/ treatment  240 offspring/ treatment • n-3 effect on: • Body weight at d0 (g) • FCR starter (g/a/d) • FCR totalperiod (g/a/d) • n-3 no effect on: • Body weight at d14, d28, d38 (g) • Feed Intake (starter/grower/finisher) (g/a/d) • Body WeightGain (starter/grower/finisher) (g/a/d) • Feed Conversion Ratio (grower/finisher)

  10. Transfer of FA • Yolkprovides FA to embryo (80% absorbed) • YSM: uptakeand transfer of lipids fromyolktoembryoniccirculation • Consumptioneggs: dietary  yolk n-3 PUFA • Broilers? n-3 PUFA  eicosanoids  immunity - 50% of totalamount of FA originally present in the yolkincorporatedinto tissues of chick- 50% of total FA present in yolkundergoesβ-oxidationtoprovide energy

  11. FA composition 4 T: 1. control (AA) 2. EPA=DHA 3. DHA>EPA 4. EPA> DHA d1d14 d30 Freshyolk Residualyolk Liver

  12. N-6/n-3 ratio Freshyolk Residualyolk • Control eggs: • more n-6 FA • Less n-3 FA Dietary n-3 enrichmentlowers n-6/n-3

  13. AA, EPA and DHA conc Freshyolk Residualyolk FRESH YOLK • Control group: • Higher AA conc • Lower DHA and EPA conc • Dietary EPA • increases EPA andDHA in yolk • Dietary DHA • results in onlyhigher DHA conc • Effect is lesspronounced • Allenrichedgroups: • Much more DHA availablefor the • Progenycomparedto control group

  14. AA, EPA and DHA conc LIVER D1 EPA conc in DHA group is increased comparedto RY conc Allconc are higher Biomagnification of essential PUFA

  15. Biomagnification of essential PUFA = proportion of essential C20-22 FA increaseseach stage of transfer processfrom RY to embryo Preferentialuptakefromyolkby YSM In YSM: DHA translocatedto TAG, resulting in enriched VLDL releasedintocirculation Preferentialmobilisationfromadipose TAG into plasma

  16. DHA vs EPA DHA more present early in the post hatch life, while EPA remains low andequal in progenyliver

  17. Conclusion • Breeders: • decreased LR and EW • Increased FCR • Eggquality: • increasedYcolor, prop SW, ST • decreased YW and AW • Incubation: • Decreased RYW and prop RYW • Offspring: • decreased BW d0, FCR starter

  18. Conclusion • Dietary n-3 enrichment • Lowersn-6/n-3 ratio in freshyolkandresidualyolk • More DHA availablefor transfer tooffspringfromresidualyolk • Adding DHA tomaternaldietresults in • higher DHA concentration in freshandresidualyolk • Adding EPA tomaternaldietresults in • more EPA and DHA in residualyolk • Biomagnificationduring transfer from RY to tissue of offspring • DHA present in higherconcearly in post hatch life

  19. Thank you for your attention!Any Questions? Astrid Koppenol

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