Bellringer & Section 1 Notes

1. Bellringer & Section 1 Notes Chemists and other scientists write the element names so often that they have developed a system of short symbols. Most of the symbols are one or two letters taken from the element’s name. Some of the elements have symbols that derive from their Latin names. What is important about knowing the symbols is that scientists from all over the world are able to communicate, no matter what language they speak. Complete the right column of the table below, using the following names: boron, bromine, calcium, magnesium, neon, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur, zinc. 2. Which four elements do you think were used before modern times? (Hint: Prior to modern times, scientists frequently used Latin rather than English to communicate. Because of that, the symbols of these elements do not match the English names.)

2. Complete the right column of the table below, using the following names: boron, bromine, calcium, magnesium, neon, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur, zinc. A. Magnesium B. Bromine C. Nitrogen D. Sulfur E. Calcium F. Boron G. Zinc H. Silicon I. Neon 2. Which four elements do you think were used before modern times? Hint: Prior to modern times, scientists frequently used Latin rather than English to communicate. Because of that, the symbols of these elements do not match the English names.) Sodium - Na, Potassium - K, Silver - Ag, and Iron - Fe

3. Section 1 What Is Matter?

4. I. Composition of Matter Chemistry – Made up of three parts: 1. What things are made of. 2. What their properties are. 3. How they interact & change. B. Matter – Has _____ & takes up _____. mass space C. All matter is made up of _______. ATOMS 1. Elements – made of the same type of atoms. 2. We recognize 115 elements.

5. D. Compounds - made from atoms of two or more elements. Compounds usually have a different appearance than the elements that make them up. E. Chemical Formula – The ratio of atoms that make up a chemical formula. C9H8O4 Two parts: Chemical symbols b. Numbers of atoms Subscript: tells the number of carbon (C) atoms

6. F. Practice – Name the: 1. element and the number of those elements 2. Total number of atoms in the molecule Example: NaCl Symbol Element # of Atoms Na Sodium 1 atom Cl Chlorine 1 atom Total 2 atoms

7. F. Practice – Name the: 1. element and the number of those elements 2. Total number of atoms in the molecule C8H10N4O2 C3H8O H2O2 C6H12O6

8. F. Practice – Name the: 1. element and the number of those elements 2. Total number of atoms in the molecule Carbon 8 atoms Hydrogen 10 atoms Nitrogen 4 atoms Oxygen 2 atoms_ Total: 24 atoms C8H10N4O2

9. F. Practice – Name the: 1. element and the number of those elements 2. Total number of atoms in the molecule 2. Carbon 3 atoms Hydrogen 8 atoms Oxygen 1 atoms_ Total: 12 atoms 2. C3H8O

10. F. Practice – Name the: 1. element and the number of those elements 2. Total number of atoms in the molecule 3. Hydrogen 2 atoms Oxygen 2 atoms_ Total: 4 atoms 3. H2O2

11. F. Practice – Name the: 1. element and the number of those elements 2. Total number of atoms in the molecule 4. Carbon 6 Hydrogen 12 Oxygen 6_ Total: 24 4. C6H12O6

12. II. Pure Substances & Mixtures Pure Substance – Has a fixed composition & definite properties Pure Substance – all molecules are the same.

13. B. Mixture – Combination of two or more substances Mixture – composed of different types of molecules.

14. C. Pure substance OR Mixture? Water: hydrogen peroxide: Dr. Pepper: Mayonnaise: Diamond Pencil Lead Pure Substance Pure Substance Mixture Mixture Pure Substance Pure Substance

15. III. Heterogeneous and Homogeneous mixtures A. Heterogeneous Mixtures – Substances are not mixed uniformly and are not evenly distributed Italian salad dressing is a heterogeneous mixture. The ingredients will settle If the bottle is left standing.

16. B. Homogeneous Mixtures – Substances are mixed evenly Water is a homogeneous mixture Vinegar is a homogeneous mixture made of acetic acid and water Kool Aid is a homogeneous mixture composed of water, flavoring, and sugar

17. Assignment: Workbook Pg. 6