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Bacteria:

Bacteria:. Classification and Structure. What are the 6 Kingdoms?. Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals. Bacteria are prokaryotes. Pro – before Karyon – nucleus The simplest forms of life are prokaryotes. Earth’s first cells were prokaryotes. Lots of Them!.

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Bacteria:

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  1. Bacteria: Classification and Structure

  2. What are the 6 Kingdoms? • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria • Protists • Fungi • Plants • Animals

  3. Bacteria are prokaryotes • Pro – before • Karyon – nucleus • The simplest forms of life are prokaryotes. • Earth’s first cells were prokaryotes.

  4. Lots of Them! • Prokaryotes are Earth’s most abundant life forms. • They can survive in many environments. • They can get energy from many different sources.

  5. Prokaryote Review • Mostly single-celled • No nucleus or organelles • Circular chromosomes • Cell walls • Reproduce mostly asexually • Anaerobic or aerobic • Heterotrophic or autotrophic

  6. We are looking at the first two • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria

  7. Classification of Bacteria • Archaebacteria: extremists • Eubacteria: • Heterotrophs • Photosynthetic autotrophs • Chemosynthetic autotrophs

  8. Archaebacteria • Methane producers – anaerobic • Halophiles • Halo = salt • Philia = love • Thermophiles • Thermo = heat

  9. Archaebacteria • Live in extreme locations: • Oxygen-free environments • Concentrated salt-water • Hot, acidic water

  10. Eubacteria • Parasitic heterotrophs (Streptococcus) • Saprophages • Sapro = death • Phage = eat • Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) • Photosynthetic • Chemosynthetic autotrophs (Rhizobium)

  11. Eubacteria - Heterotrophs • Found everywhere • Parasites: live off of other organisms • Saprobes: live off of dead organisms or waste (recyclers)

  12. Eubacteria: Photosynthetic Autotrophs • Photosynthetic: make their own food from light • Cyanobacteria: blue-green, yellow, or red • ponds, streams, moist areas

  13. Eubacteria: Chemosynthetic Autotrophs • Get energy by breaking down inorganic substances like sulfur and nitrogen • Make nitrogen in the air usable for plants {Very Important}

  14. Structure of Bacteria • Two parts to Bacteria Structure: • Arrangement • Shape

  15. Arrangement • Paired: diplo • Grape-like clusters: staphylo • Chains: strepto

  16. Bacteria are Named by Shape • Cocci (ball-shaped) • Streptococcus mutans • Bacillus (rod-shaped) • Clostridium botulinum • Spirilli (spiral-shaped) • Treponema palladium

  17. Shape • Rod: bacillus • Spheres: coccus • Spirals: spirillum

  18. Examples • Streptococcus: chains of spheres • Staphylospirillum: Grapelike clusters of spirals • Streptobacillus: Chains of rods

  19. Germ Theory of Disease • Joseph Lister – Aseptic Techniques • Robert Koch – Germ Theory • A specific microorganism causes a specific disease

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