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Ionic Bonding Continued: Acids

Ionic Bonding Continued: Acids. Ionic Bonding Continued - Acids. What is an acid? Ionic compounds that give off hydrogen ions when dissolved in water Tend to be corrosive Taste sour Conduct electricity Have their own unique naming system. Acid Structure.

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Ionic Bonding Continued: Acids

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  1. Ionic Bonding Continued: Acids

  2. Ionic Bonding Continued - Acids • What is an acid? • Ionic compounds that give off hydrogen ions when dissolved in water • Tend to be corrosive • Taste sour • Conduct electricity • Have their own unique naming system

  3. Acid Structure Have a characteristic formula structure: “HX” • Where “H” is a hydrogen cation • Where “X” is an anion • So generally, if you see a formula for an ionic compound that starts with an “H” it is likely an acid

  4. Naming Acids • Scenario 1 – The anion ends in the suffix “ide” • Add the prefix “hydro” to the anion • Change the suffix to “ic” • Add the word “acid” to the end • i.e. HF  hydrogen & fluoride •  hydrofluoric acid • i.e. HCN  hydrogen & cyanide •  hydrocyanic acid

  5. Examples • Name the following compounds • Hɪ • H3P • H2S • HF • Write the formula for the following compounds • Hydrobromic acid • Hydroselenic acid • Hydroxidic acid

  6. Naming Acids • Scenario 2 – The anion ends with the suffix “ate” • Change the suffix of the anion to “ic” • Add the word “acid” to the end • Note: no need for the “hydro” prefix • Hint to remember – “If you ATE it, its Icky” • i.e. HNO3 hydrogen & nitrate •  nitric acid • i.e. H2SO4  hydrogen & sulfate •  Sulfuric acid

  7. Examples • Name the following compounds • H2CO3 • HClO4 • H2Cr2O7 • CH3COOH or HC2H3O2 • Write the formula for the following compounds • Chloric Acid • Oxalic Acid • Permanganic Acid

  8. Naming Acids • Scenario 3 – The anion ends with the suffix “ite” • Change the suffix on the anion to “ous” • Add the word “acid” to the end • Note: no need for the “hydro” prefix • i.e. HNO2 hydrogen & nitrite •  nitrous acid • i.e. H2SO3  hydrogen & sulfite •  sulfurous acid

  9. Examples • Name the following compounds • H2SO3 • HNO2 • HClO2 • Write the formula for the following compounds • Hypochlorous acid • Phosphourous acid

  10. Writing Acid Formulas • Use the prefix/suffix combinations to figure out the anion • Balance the charges with a H+ cation (s) • Write the formula • i.e. – permanganic acid •  permanganate anion  MnO4- •  HMnO4

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