1 / 28

The Cold War

The Cold War. Cold War. a conflict between countries with no military action and usually without breaking off relations No actual combat Developed after World War II Communism vs. Democracy. Communism.

akiva
Télécharger la présentation

The Cold War

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Cold War

  2. Cold War • a conflict between countries with no military action and usually without breaking off relations • No actual combat • Developed after World War II • Communism vs. Democracy

  3. Communism • Webster: “a system of government in which goods are owned by the government and are available to all as needed” • No private property • Government owns everything • No class structure • Everyone is equal • No religion • Absolute power U.S.S.R

  4. Democracy • Majority rule • Civil Rights • Anyone can be anything • Capitalism – an economic system characterized by private ownership of goods • Religious freedom • Due process of law U.S.A

  5. The Beginning of The Cold War • Yalta Conference • February 1945 • The “Big Three” – Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin • Agree to free elections for all countries formerly under Nazi rule • Stalin disagrees

  6. Potsdam Conference • Potsdam, Germany July 1945 • New President Harry Truman, Clement Attlee, Joseph Stalin • Stalin wants reparations from Germany • Truman and Attlee disagree • Splits Eastern and Western Europe • No free elections in Eastern Europe

  7. Need to Stop Communism!!! Truman Doctrine • Harry Truman • March 1947 • Pledged to fight the spread of Communism • Gave financial and military assistance to Greece and Turkey • Containment

  8. Marshall Plan • Secretary of State George C. Marshall • June 1947 • Between 1948 and 1950, U.S. gave $13 billion to help rebuild Europe • Helped spread Democracy

  9. Berlin Airlift • Berlin, Germany seized by Soviets • Blocked all ground entries and exits • U.S. and other western nations flew over blockades • 1948-1949 • May 1949 Stalin lifted blockades

  10. NATO • North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Formed in 1949 to stop the spread of communism • U.S., Canada, 10 West European Countries • Agreed to help each other militarily if needed

  11. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) • United States • Belgium • Britain • Canada • Denmark • France • Iceland • Italy • Luxemburg • Netherlands • Norway • Portugal • 1952: Greece & Turkey • 1955: West Germany • 1983: Spain

  12. Soviet Union felt NATO, Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine were threats • Stalin died in 1953 • Nikita Khrushchev became leader of Soviet Union • Formed Warsaw Pact in 1955 with other Communist countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Czechoslovakia) • Soviets built Berlin Wall in 1961

  13. Warsaw Pact (1955) • U. S. S. R. • Albania • Bulgaria • Czechoslovakia • East Germany • Hungary • Poland • Rumania

  14. NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

  15. The Arms Race • The Soviet Union exploded its first A-bomb in 1949. • Now there were two nuclear superpowers! • Each side began to stockpile vast amounts of Nuclear weapons to counter the other.

  16. 1949 – Fall of China • In June, Chiang Kai-shek, the Nationalist leader, was defeated by Mao • Chiang flees to island of Taiwan • Oct 1, Mao proclaims People’s Republic of China (PRC) • Dec 1949, Mao goes to Moscow, • negotiates the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance.

  17. The Korean War • NATO forces (multi-national body of troops) • Led by Gen. Douglas MacArthur • Drove Koreans back to the Yalu River • Chinese troops entered the war and drove back NATO forces to the 38th Parallel • The Korean War is still officially ongoing

  18. The Korean War: the First Challenge to NATO

  19. A Lesson from Korea: Domino Theory • 1954 • Eisenhower compared the spread of Communism in Asia to falling dominos • He lost China  Korea under siege by Socialist forces • Later would use this idea to commit troops to Vietnam

  20. 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • North Vietnamese patrol boats fired on the USS Mattox in the Gulf of Tonkin on August 2. • Congress approves the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • granted President Johnson authority to send U.S. troops to South Vietnam.

  21. Vietnam War: 1965-1973

  22. The Space Race: Another Scare Sputnik • On October 4 1958, the Soviet Union launches Sputnik, the first man-made satellite to orbit the Earth. • In 1958, the U.S. creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the space race is in full gear. • April 1961 Yuri Gagarin, a Russian cosmonaut becomes the first human in space

  23. A Race to the Moon • After Gagarin, the next goal of Russia and the US was to be the first to the Moon • July 1969 US becomes the first country to land men on the moon • Apollo 11 • Neil Armstrong = First human on the Moon

  24. 1961 - Bay of Pigs • U.S.-organized invasion force of 1,400 Cuban exiles is defeated by Castro's government forces. • Trained and equipped by the US, the invaders surrender on April 20 after three days of fighting. • Kennedy takes full responsibility for the disaster. Captured Cubans

  25. 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis • After Bay of Pigs invasion, the Soviet Union installed nuclear missiles in Cuba. • Kennedy ordered a naval blockade of Cuba on October 22 until the Soviet Union removed its missiles. • On October 28, the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles • Crisis was the most dangerous point of the Cold War

  26. The Cuban Missile Threat

  27. Where are they now? • Vietnam – Socialist Republic and led by Nguyễn Minh Triết • Cuba – Socialist Republic led by Raul Castro • Russian Federation – Semi-Presidential Republic led by Vladimir Putin • Korea- still the same • Germany – United Republic led by Angela Merkel

More Related