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Unit 2 Practice Questions Atomic Theory

Unit 2 Practice Questions Atomic Theory. Questions 1-4 refer to the following: Proton Neutron Electron Isotope Ion Neutral charge; 1 amu Positive charge Negligible weight Negative charge; pairs with opposite spin. Questions 1-4 refer to the following: Atom Ion Neutron Proton

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Unit 2 Practice Questions Atomic Theory

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  1. Unit 2 Practice Questions Atomic Theory Questions 1-4 refer to the following: Proton Neutron Electron Isotope Ion Neutral charge; 1 amu Positive charge Negligible weight Negative charge; pairs with opposite spin

  2. Questions 1-4 refer to the following: Atom Ion Neutron Proton electron The smallest representative particle of helium Loss or gain creates positively or negatively charged ion, respectively Particle responsible for positive nuclear charge Isotopes of uranium always differ in their number of this particle Their number in the nucleus determines an element’s atomic number

  3. II A mass number can be assigned to one isotope of an element but not to an element in general I The periodic table does not report mass numbers BECAUSE Addition of an electron to an atom creates a positively charged ion Every electron carries a negative charge BECAUSE

  4. II It has the same number of protons and electrons I Ca is a neutral atom BECAUSE An element (X) with an atomic number of 16 has 14 electrons in X-2 Two protons bind the two outermost electrons BECAUSE

  5. II Isotopes have the same number of protons I Two isotopes of the same element have the same mass number BECAUSE An atom of 12C contains 12 protons The identity of an element is determined by the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms BECAUSE

  6. II The number of protons in a a neutral atom is equal to the number of electrons I The atomic number of a neutral atom that has a mass of 39 and has 19 electrons is 19 BECAUSE A large number of alpha particles were deflected in the Rutherford experiment Alpha particles that came close to the nucleus of the gold atoms were deflected BECAUSE

  7. II The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.43 amu I The isotope Cl-37 has 17 protons, 17 neutrons, and 17 electrons BECAUSE

  8. Which of the following is not a conclusion Rutherford made from his experiment with alpha particles being shot at a thin sheet of gold foil? An atom has a very small, compact nucleus An atom is mainly empty space An atom’s mass is concentrated in the nucleus An atom has a very dense nucleus An atom has a negatively charged nucleus

  9. Which of the following statements is false regarding sub-atomic particles? The proton has a positive one charge The neutron has no charge The electrons are found in regions of the atom called orbitals The electrons have a greater mass than the protons Protons and neutrons are the nucleons of the atom

  10. The two main regions of an atom are the Principal energy levels and energy sublevels Nucleus and kernel Nucleus and energy levels Planetary electrons and energy levels

  11. An atom of beryllium consists of 4 protons, 5 neutrons and 4 electrons. The mass number of this atom is 13 9 8 5

  12. A mysterious element has the following relative abundances: X-34 15%, X-35 20%, X-36 65% Which of the following is true? The atomic mass of the element is closer to 34.1 The atomic mass of the element is closer to 34.9 The atomic mass of this element cannot be determined without knowing exactly what X is A mass spectrophotometer would not be helpful in determining the percentages of the isotopes The atomic mass of this element is approximately 35.5

  13. Atoms of 235U and 238U differ in structure by three Electrons Isotopes Neutrons protons

  14. Which of the following pairs of compounds can be used to illustrate the Law of Multiple Proportions? NO and NO2 CH4 and CO2 ZnO2 and ZnCl2 NH3 and NH4Cl H2O and HCl

  15. Two different sodium atoms or ions may differ in all of the following ways EXCEPT The number of electrons outside their nuclei The overall charge they carry Their mass numbers The number of neutrons in their nuclei The number of protons in their nuclei

  16. Which of the following isotopes has the greatest number of neutrons? 35Cl 31P 40Ar 41Ca 14C

  17. Which is inconsistent with the concept of an isotope? Same atomic number Different number of neutrons Same mass number Same name of the element Same number of protons

  18. Two isotopes of the same element will always differ in Mass number but never in atomic number Atomic number but never in mass number Charge outside but never inside their nuclei Nuclear charge but never in overall charge The number of electrons outside their nuclei but never in the number of neutrons inside their nuclei

  19. What is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom with mass number 89 and atomic number 39? 50 protons and 50 neutrons 50 protons and 39 neutrons 39 protons and 89 neutrons 39 protons and 50 neutrons 39 protons and 39 neutrons

  20. Twenty-five percent of element X exists as 210X and seventy-five percent of it exists as 214X. What is the atomic weight of element X in amu? 85 211 212 213 214

  21. Which of the following combinations represents an element with a net charge of +1 with a mass number of 75? 35 neutrons, 35 protons, 34 electrons 40 neutrons, 40 protons, 39 electrons 40 neutrons, 35 protons, 34 electrons 37 neutrons, 38 protons, 39 electrons 40 neutrons, 35 protons, 35 electrons

  22. Of the following statements about the number of subatomic particles in an ion of 3216S-2, which are true? I. 16 protons II. 14 neutrons III. 18 electrons II only III only I and II only I and III only I, II and III

  23. Isotopes of an element are related because which of the following are the same in these isotopes? I. Atomic mass II. Atomic number III. Arrangement of orbital electrons I only II only I and II only II and III only I, II and III

  24. For the radioactive element 99Tc, what is the correct number of protons and neutrons? 43 protons and 56 neutrons 43 protons and 99 neutrons 56 protons and 43 neutrons 56 protons and 99 neutrons Cannot be determined

  25. II. Nuclear Questions 1-4 refer to the following: Alpha particle Beta particle Gamma radiation Neutron Positron Has a negative charge Has no mass and no charge Has the greatest positive charge Is very similar to an electron

  26. Questions 1-3 refer to the following: Alpha decay Beta decay Positron emission Gamma decay Electron capture Often accompanies other radioactive processes Causes an atom to reduce its atomic number by 2 and its mass number by 4 Occurs when a neutron is converted into a proton in a nucleus

  27. II The nuclei of both atoms have the same number of neutrons I 12C is an isotope of 14C BECAUSE Alpha particles are the heaviest type of radiation decay Alpha emission particles consist of 2 protons and 2 neutrons BECAUSE

  28. II Some mass is converted to energy in a solar fusion I Nuclear fusion on the sun converts hydrogen to helium with a release of energy BECAUSE The “bullet” usually used to initiate the fusion of 235U is a neutron Capture of the neutron by the 235U nucleus causes an unstable condition that leads to its disintegration BECAUSE

  29. II Radioactive elements have extremely stable nuclei I Radioactive elements can emit alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays BECAUSE If a radioactive sample with a half-life of 40 years decays for 80 years, 25% of the sample will remain One half of 100% is 50%, and one half of 50% is 25% BECAUSE

  30. In the artificial transmutation 94Be + X 63Li + 42He, the particle represented by the letter X is a(n) Beta particle Positron Deuteron Proton Alpha particle

  31. 146C 147N + X What is X? 42He 0+1e 0-1e 11H 126C This reaction is an example of Alpha decay Beta decay Fusion Gamma decay Positron emission

  32. 22686Rn 21884Po + 42He The radioactive decay shown above is an example of Positron emission Gamma ray emission Alpha decay Beta decay Ionization

  33. 13153I 13154Xe + 0-1e The radioactive decay shown above is an example of Positron emission Gamma ray emission Alpha decay Beta decay Ionization

  34. Which equation is an example of an artificial transmutation? 238U 4He + 234Th 27Al + 4He 30P + 10n 14C 14N + 0-1e 226Ra 4He + 222Rn 9943Tc 9943Tc + g

  35. Which nuclear equation below demonstrates beta decay? 238U X + 234Th 1H + X 3H 14N + X 17O + 1H 234Pa X + 234U None of the above demonstrates beta decay

  36. Element 10220X is formed as a result of 3 alpha and 2 beta decays. Which of the following is the parent element? 9016A 11424Z 11428Q 128J + 9012L

  37. Radioactive emanations can be detected by using A person’s DNA A block of lead A Geiger counter An x-ray machine Graphite and heavy water

  38. Sodium-24, a radioactive isotope used medically in blood studies, decays by beta decay and has a half-life of 15.0 hours. What is the product of the radioactive decay of sodium-24? F-20 Ne-24 Ne-23 Na-23 Mg-24

  39. After 62.0 hours, 1.0 gram remained unchanged from a sample of potassium-42 (half life is 12.4 hours). What was the mas of potassium-42 in the original sample? 64 grams 32 grams 16 grams 8 grams 4 grams

  40. The emission of a beta particle results in a new element with the atomic number Increased by 1 Increased by 2 Decreased by 1 Decreased by 2

  41. The energy released by the detonation of an atomic bomb is NOT related to Fission of the atom’s nucleus Fusion of the atom’s nucleus A chain reaction The release of many neutrons The uncontrolled speed of many neutrons

  42. As a nucleus of a particular isotope disintegrates, another nuclide is formed. This change in the nucleus to form a new nuclide is called Binding energy Transmutation Stability Generation Synthesis

  43. Which element has no known stable isotope? Carbon Silver Radon Phosphorus Lead

  44. Which pair below would not be deflected or attracted by the charged plates in an electric field? An alpha particle and a neutron A beta particle and a positron A quark and a deuteron A proton and gamma radiation Gamma radiation and a neutron

  45. In 6.20 hours, a 50.0 gram sample of silver-112 decays to 12.5 grams. What is the half-life of silver-112? 1.60 hours 3.10 hours 6.20 hours 12.4 hours 18.6 hours

  46. A physicist starts out with 320 grams of a radioactive element Z and after 20 minutes he has only 20 grams left. What is the half-life of element Z? 2 minutes 3 minutes 4 minutes 5 minutes 10 minutes

  47. Which of the following is closest in mass to a proton? Alpha particle Positron Neutron Electron

  48. The daughter nucleus formed when 18F undergoes positron emission is 14N 16O 18O 19F 20Ne

  49. In 12.4 hours, a 100 gram sample of an element decays so that its mass is 25 grams. What is the approximate half-life of this radioactive substance? 1.6 hours 3.1 hours 6.2 hours 24.8 hours 49.6 hours

  50. Which of the following transmutations demonstrates beta decay? I. Bi-212 Po-212 II. Pb-212 Bi-212 III. Ra-228 Ac-228 I only II only II and III only I and II only I , II, and III

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