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Reaksi senyawa hidrokarbon

Reaksi senyawa hidrokarbon. Reaksi oksidasi Reaksi substitusi Reaksi adisi Reaksi eliminasi Reaksi polimerisasi. 1. Reaksi pembakaran / Reaksi oksidasi. CH 3 -CH 3 + 3/2 O 2 → 2 C + 3H 2 O CH 2 =CH 2 + 2 O 2 → 2 C + 2H 2 O CH≡CH + 1/2 O 2 → 2 C + H 2 O.

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Reaksi senyawa hidrokarbon

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  1. Reaksi senyawa hidrokarbon • Reaksi oksidasi • Reaksi substitusi • Reaksi adisi • Reaksi eliminasi • Reaksi polimerisasi

  2. 1. Reaksi pembakaran / Reaksi oksidasi CH3-CH3+ 3/2 O2→ 2C + 3H2O CH2=CH2+2 O2→ 2C + 2H2O CH≡CH+ 1/2 O2→ 2C + H2O CH3-CH3+ 7/2 O2→ 2CO2 + 3H2O CH2=CH2+3 O2→ 2CO2 + 2H2O CH≡CH+ 5/2 O2→ 2CO2 + H2O

  3. 2. Reaksi substitusi pada alkana CH4 + Cl2→ CH3Cl + HCl CH3-CH3 +Cl2→CH3-CH2Cl + HCl CH3-CH2-CH3 + Cl2 → CH3-CH2-CH2Cl + HCl CnH2n+2 + X2 → CnH2n+1X + HX

  4. 3. Reaksi adisi pada Alkena dan Alkuna a. Adisi hidrogen CH2= CH2 + H2 Ni/Pt CH3-CH3CH2=CH-CH3 + H2 Ni/Pt CH3-CH2-CH3 CH≡CH + H2 Ni/PtCH2=CH2CH≡CH+ 2H2 Ni/Pt200˚cCH3-CH3

  5. b. Adisi halogen CH2=CH2 + Br2 → CH2BR-CH2Br etena dibromoetana CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + Cl2 → CH3-CHCl-CHCl-CH3 2-butena 2,3-diklorobutana CH≡CH + Br2 → CHBr=CHBr etuna dibromoetena CH≡ CH+ 2Br2 → CHBr2-CHBr2 etuna tetrabromoetana CH≡C-CH3 + Br2 → CHBr=CBr-CH3 propuna 1,2-dibromopropena CH≡C-CH3 + 2Br2 → CHBr2-CBr2-CH3 propuna 1,2-tetrabromopropana

  6. c. Adisi asam halida Alkena simetris CH2=CH2 + HCl → CH3-CH2Cl etena kloroetana CH3-CH=CH-CH3+ HCl → CH3-CH2-CHCl-CH3 2-butena 2-klorobutana CH≡CH + HCl → CH2=CHCl etuna kloroetena (vinilklorida) CH3-C≡C-CH3 + HCl → CH3-CH=CCl-CH3 2-butuna 2-kloro-2butena

  7. Aturan markovnikov untuk alkena tak simetris CH3-CH=CH2 + HCl → CH3-CH2-CH2Cl % <<<<< → CH3-CHCl-CH3 % >>>>> CH3-CH= CH-CH2 -CH3 + HCl → CH3-CH2-CHCl-CH2-CH3 % <<<<< → CH3-CHCl-CH2-CH2-CH3 % >>>>>

  8. d. Adisi air pada alkena dan alkuna CH2=CH2 + H2O H2SO4 300˚C 70 AtmCH3-CH2OH etena etanol CH≡CH + H2O H2SO4 60˚CCH3-CHO etuna etanal

  9. CH3-CH3panas CH2=CH2 + H2 4. Reaksi eliminasi alkana C3H8panas CH2=CH2 + CH4

  10. 5. Reaksi polimerisasi alkena dan alkuna CH2=CH2 + CH2=CH2 + CH2=CH2 +…… → -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- etena polietena CH2=CHCl + CH2=CHCl + CH2=CHCl +…… → -CH2-CHCl-CH2-CHCl-CH2-CHCl- kloroetena ( vinilklorida) polivinilklorida

  11. Substitusi halogen pada alkanaCH3-CH2-CH3 + Cl2→ CH3-CH2-CH2Cl + HCl propana kloropropana Adisi halogen & hidrogen pada alkena dan alkunaCH3-CH2=CH2-CH3 + Cl2→ CH3CH2Cl-CH2Cl-CH3 etena 2,3-diklorobutana CH3-C≡C-CH3 + H2 → CH3-CH=CH-CH32-butuna 2-butenaCH3-C≡C-CH3+ 2 H2 → CH3-CH2-CH2-CH32-butuna butana

  12. Adisi asam halida pada alkena CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 + HCl → CH3-CH2-CHCl-CH2-CH2-CH3 3-heksena 3-kloroheksana = CH3-CH2-CH2-CHCl-CH2-CH3 3-kloroheksana CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 + HCl → CH3-CHCl-CH2-CH2-CH3 2-pentena 2-kloropentena CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 + HCl → CH3-CHCl-CH2-CH3 1-butena 2-klorobutena

  13. Uji diri

  14. Tuliskan hasil reaksi Adisi HCl pada 2-metil-1-butena Adisi HCl pada 4-etil-2-heksena

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