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GCM 2006 Physical Fundamentals of GC

Possible Ecological, Economical and Social Impacts of Climate Change. GCM 2006 Physical Fundamentals of GC. Boris Michel. 19.12.2006. Sources. Atlas der Globalisierung IPCC: 3rd Assessment Report 2001. Rahmstorf, Schellnhuber: Der Klimawandel.

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GCM 2006 Physical Fundamentals of GC

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  1. Possible Ecological, Economical and Social Impacts of Climate Change GCM 2006 Physical Fundamentals of GC Boris Michel 19.12.2006

  2. Sources • Atlas der Globalisierung • IPCC: 3rd Assessment Report 2001. • Rahmstorf, Schellnhuber: Der Klimawandel. • Schellnhuber et al.: Avoiding dangerous climate change. • Stehr, von Storch: Klima, Wetter, Mensch. • Stern: Review on the Economics of Climate Change. • www.pik-potsdam.de • www.un.org • www.un.org/esa/sustdev/documents/agenda21/ • www.wikipedia.org

  3. Contents • Introduction: Impact Research • Ecological Impacts • Economical and Social Impacts • 3.1 Natural disasters • 3.2 Agriculture • 3.3 Water supply • 3.4 Human health • Conclusion

  4. Impact Research Global warming happens – but nobody can feel it… On a regional scale Climate Change can be experienced, e.g. by extreme weather events, changed precipitation or temperature. Regional fluctuations are stronger than the global ones, but they are dependent on atmospheric and oceanic circulation and thus difficult to calculate and to predict.  Forecast is less reliable.

  5. Temperature-related regional climate change impacts: Source: IPCC Third Assessment Report 2001

  6. Ecological Impacts ... depend from Climate Change on a regional scale ... affect complex and living systems  hard to calculate and to predict Surveys showed: Diversification of ecosystems goes into the direction to the frontiers of acclimatization – which mostly is towards the pole.

  7. The human influence: • climate will get warmer than during the last millions of years • change will come faster than ever • human land-use is a barrier for the movement of animals and plants •  dramatic loss of biodiversity

  8. Examples: • by a warming up to 1 K: • disturbance on sensitive ecosystems • by a warming of 1-2 K: • severe damage on sensitive and other ecosystems • by a warming of 2-3 K: • collaps of the rainforest in the Amazon; extinction of many plant species in New Zealand, Europe, Tibet • by a warming of more than 3 K: • total melting of the arctic sea ice

  9. Economical and Social Impacts Economical impacts of CC affect the society, and social impacts disturb the (development of) economy.

  10. Natural disasters: The frequency of extreme weather events increases. Examples are: Katrina/Hurricane season 2005 El Niño 1997/1998 Elbe flood 2002 http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Navy-FloodedNewOrleans.jpg http://map.ioer.de/website/hochw/hw-bilder/terassenufer.htm www.liv.ac.uk/~sdb/Safari-2005/Images/1344-el-nino.jpg

  11. Agriculture: Crop yield responses to climate change... ... increased CO2 concentration stimulates growth and yield … vegetation period gets longer but ... higher temperatures could be too hot ... higher temperatures cause water stress ... irrigation stresses the soil

  12. www.drk.de/afrika/pressefotos/Hungerhilfe/images/mosambik_ueberschwemmung.jpgwww.drk.de/afrika/pressefotos/Hungerhilfe/images/mosambik_ueberschwemmung.jpg http://ihp.bafg.de/servlet/is/8397/drought1.jpeg

  13. Water supply: • The difference between wet and dry seasons/humid and arid regions will increase due to changing precipitation and streamflow patterns. • Demand for water is increasing, depending on population growth, use efficiency and irriagtion demands. • 20% of the population live without clean fresh water, 50% without sanitary facilities. (Agenda 21) • About 5 billion people will live in water-stressed countries in the year 2025.

  14. Human health: • Besides the direct impacts of natural disasters: • Agenda 21: 1/3 of all deaths in developing countries happen because of contaminated water. • Furthermore insect-transmitted diseases (Malaria, Dengue-fever, FSME) will spread out. • WHO-Study from 2002: 150 000 per year die because of global warming.

  15. Conclusion Despite the warming of only 0.8 K its impacts can be observed and should not be neglected. Poor people in the less developed countries and next to coasts are more vulnerable than others. Humans, animals and plants are very adjusted to the actual climate, and not all of them would survive a shift of the climes.

  16. Thanks for your attention!!! 19.12.2006 Boris Michel

  17. Comments for Boris Michelfrom Manfred Stock • To be finished .....

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