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Introduction to Operating Systems. Lesson 1 Introduction to Operating Systems. Objectives. Define the term “operating system.” Explain the three different types of user interfaces. Identify the common physical components of your computer.
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Introduction to Operating Systems Lesson 1 Introduction to Operating Systems
Objectives • Define the term “operating system.” • Explain the three different types of user interfaces. • Identify the common physical components of your computer. • Understand how the operating system handles resources. Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Objectives (continued) • Understand how the operating system handles files. • Discuss the evolution of the microcomputer and operating systems. Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
What Is an Operating System? • It is a collection of system programs that allows the user to run program software to perform tasks. • The operating system manages hardware. • It provides resources to the programs that it manages. Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
The Three Types of User Interfaces • Command-line user interface • Menu-based user interface • Graphical user interface Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Common Hardware Components • CPU • RAM • ROM • BIOS • Motherboard • Keyboard • Pointing Device Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Input Devices Keyboard Pointing devices Scanner Voice devices Output Devices Monitor Printer Processing Storage Types Tapes Disks Hard disks Classifications of Hardware Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Basic Functionalities of the Operating System • Resource management • Memory management • File management Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Resource Management • Booting the system • Shutting down the system • Multitasking Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Memory Management • RAM • Virtual memory Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
File Management • Storage devices • Storage mediums • File types • Finding files • Copying and moving files • Deleting files Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Evolution of Computers • Charles Babbage is considered to be the father of computing. • Mainframes • Minicomputers • Microcomputers Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Windows 9x NT ME 2000 XP MAC OSX Linux Novell Operating Systems Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary • An operating system is a collection of system programs that allows the user to run program software. It manages hardware and other programs. • There are three basic types of user interfaces: command-line user interfaces, menu-based user interfaces, and graphical user interfaces (GUI). • All modern computers have the following components: CPU, RAM, ROM, BIOS, motherboard, and keyboard. Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary (continued) • An operating system manages resources in many ways. Its main functions are starting up, shutting down, multitasking and allocating CPU cycles, and changing the way it works by using extensions and managing memory. • An operating system also manages files. Its main functions are utilizing the different storage devices available, recognizing and using the different file types, navigating and finding files, and copying and moving files as needed. Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary (continued) • The evolution of the modern personal computer and its operating system has occurred over the past half-century and will continue into the future. Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
