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CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT for the CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM for CAMBODIA (CD4CDM-CAM)

CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM & FORESTRY OPPORTUNITIES FOR CAMBODIAN FORESTERS AND CONSERVATIONISTS by T hanakvaro T. De Lopez. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT for the CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM for CAMBODIA (CD4CDM-CAM) National Workshop on Capacity Development for the Clean Development Mechanism

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CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT for the CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM for CAMBODIA (CD4CDM-CAM)

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  1. CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM&FORESTRYOPPORTUNITIES FOR CAMBODIAN FORESTERS AND CONSERVATIONISTSby Thanakvaro T. De Lopez CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT for theCLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM for CAMBODIA (CD4CDM-CAM) National Workshop on Capacity Development for the Clean Development Mechanism 26-27 March 2003 Phnom Penh, Cambodia

  2. OUTLINE • Part I – Climate Change and Forestry • Part II – International Examples of Carbon Sequestration Projects in the Forestry Sector • Part III – Opportunities for CDM Projects in the Cambodian Forestry Sector

  3. PART ICLIMATE CHANGE AND FORESTRY

  4. Forests and Climate Change • Some 25% of annual global emissions of CO2 result from deforestation • Carbon Sequestration: The growth of vegetation and forests removes CO2 from the atmosphere.

  5. Forests and CO2 Flows Photosynthesis CO2 Removal Atmospheric CO2 CO2 Release Respiration Decomposition Combustion Carbon Stock

  6. Forests and Climate Change Mitigation • Forests are carbon sinks and reservoirs • Conservation of existing forests • Increase of forest cover • Increase of carbon stored in forests

  7. Forestry Activities Eligible for CDM • General eligibility rule: conversion of non-forest land to forest land • Definition of “Forest”: minimum land area of 0.05-1.0 ha; crown cover of at least 10-30%; trees with potential to reach minimum height of 2-5 meters.

  8. Forestry Activities Eligible for CDM • Real measurable emission reductions certified by independent agency • Conformity with national sustainable development strategy • Contribution to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of natural resources

  9. Forestry Activities Eligible for CDM • Afforestation: conversion into forest of non-forest land • Reforestation: planting of trees on degraded forest land or former forest land

  10. Forestry Activities Eligible for CDM • Afforestation: limited to land that has not been a forest for at least 50 years • Reforestation: limited to land that has not been a forest since 31 December 1989

  11. PART IIInternational Examples of Carbon Sequestration Projects in the Forestry Sector

  12. Infapro, Malaysia • Location: 25,000 ha logged dipterocarp forest in Eastern Sabah • Parties: (1)Face Foundation (Forests Absorbing Carbon dioxide Emissions); (2) Innoprise Corporation,Malaysian governmental forestry organisation

  13. Infapro, Malaysia • Activities: rainforest rehabilitation with enrichment planting using 35 indigenous tree species

  14. Infapro, Malaysia • Investment: US $15 million • Duration : plantation over 25 years with 60 year growth cycle (started in 1992) • Sequestration: 15.6 million tons of CO2 • Average cost: US$ 0.95 per ton of CO2

  15. Plan Vivo, Mexico • Location: Chiapas, Southern Mexico • Parties: (1)FIA, Formula One Foundation; (2) Ambio, cooperative of Foresters; (3) local community groups and small farmers associations

  16. Plan Vivo Objectives • To sequester carbon with sustainable forestry • To Generate benefits for local livelihoods

  17. Plan Vivo Activities: plantations, agroforestry, communal reforestation Carbon Sequestered tC/ha

  18. Plan Vivo, Mexico • Investment: US $15 million • Sequestration: 5000 to 13000 tons of CO2 per year • Average price: US$ 3.6 per ton of CO2

  19. PART IIIOpportunities for CDM Projects in the Cambodian Forestry Sector

  20. OPPORTUNITIES IN CAMBODIAN FORESTRY • On-going tree planting programmes: forest plantation, National Arbor Day and Community Forestry • Potential land for carbon sequestration: disturbed forest areas (estimated at some 1.5 million ha by MoE) and non-forest areas

  21. ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE • Location: Heavily deforestedsouth-central provinces (e.g. Kompong Cham, Kandal) • Activities: community forestry and agroforestry;10,000 ha reforested • Sequestration: 1 million tons CO2 over 10 years • Revenues from CDM: US $3 million at US $3 per ton CO2

  22. What needs to be done to take advantage of CDM opportunities • Capacity building / human resources development • Research in Cambodian forest ecosystems • Set up procedures and guidelines for CDM forestry projects • Actively develop CDM projects • Actively seek out CDM partners

  23. CONCLUSIONS

  24. CONCLUSIONS • CDM may provide financing for afforestation & reforestation activities in Camdodia • Large potential for CDM implementation in the Cambodian forestry sector • Stakeholders (government, NGOs, private companies) ought to actively pursue efforts to take advantage of CDM opportunities

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