Summer Training Presentation on “TESTING & CALIBRATION” At ETDC(JAIPUR)

1. Summer Training Presentation on “TESTING & CALIBRATION” At ETDC(JAIPUR) Submitted by: SIDDHARTHA BHARDWAJECE 4th year . www.powerpointpresentationon.bogspot.com

2. CONTENTS • Introduction • ETDC Profile • Objectives • Calibration • Important terminologies • Calibration In Electrical Lab • Calibration In Non-Electrical Lab • Standards • Testing Lab 1

3. INTRODUCTION In today’s world scenario the important working phrase is “Quality always winsand is more stressed than quantity”. Every institution or industry works for quality. The other important working aspect is precision. Every manufacturer as well as consumer wants every thing to be precise related to instruments or products either being manufactured or used for manufacturing. For this purpose, government has established different quality assurance and testing departments. 2

4. International measurement standards BIPM, PARIS National standard and transfer standard NPL ,INDIA(Delhi) Reference standard ERTL'S, ETDC'S & Standard laboratories Working standard ERTL'S, ETDC'S & accelerated laboratories Instrument in Industries 3

5. ELECTRONICS TEST &DEVELOPMENT CENTER 4

6. It is functioning under the Standardization Testing & Quality Certification (STQC) Directorate, Department of Information Technology, Ministry OfInformation Technology • To help the industries to upgrade the quality and reliability of electronic/electrical products to national & international standards through various programs. • The STQC directorate has set up a chain of laboratories & centers. • STQC management & technical personnel have been trained and over a hundred foreign experts have contributed to the structural development of overall STQC program. 5

7. AUTHORITIES A.K.Malik(Director) G.D.Batra(Quality manager) D.K.Pathak(OIC) S.S.Khichi(T & M Lab) Mohanlal(Customer Service ) R.K.Arora(Calibration LAb) 6

8. OBJECTIVES • Improving quality & reliability of products. • Increasing productivity. • Export promotion • ETDC LABORATORIES IN INDIA • ETDC Directorate is located in New Delhi. • 17 ETDCs (Electronics Test & Development Centre) • 4 ERTL(Electronic Regional Test Labs) 7

9. SALIENT DATA • STQC • Number Of Employees 1700 • Total Revenue 12.86 Cr. (2008-09) • ETDC(JAIPUR) • Number Of Employees 68 • Total Revenue 1cr.(2008-09) 8

10. ETDC SERVICES • Calibration • Testing • Training • Quality counseling • Quality management training • Entrepreneur development programs • Technical information center 9

11. CALIBRATION The set of operations which establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values indicated by a measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the corresponding values of a quantity realized by a reference standard. 10

12. Over a period the measurements taken by any instrument tends to vary. • The products being manufactured by the organization should be of consistent quality. • Therefore, before the product is being used in industries it should be calibrated and tested properly. 11

13. IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY USED IN CALIBRATION • Measurement: • The set of operations having the object of determining the values of a quantity. • Accuracy of measurement: • The closeness of agreement between the result of a measurement and the (conventional) true value. 12

14. Precision: • A measure of closeness of agreement between Independent test results obtained under stipulated conditions. • Repeatability: • Repeatability of results measurement is the closeness of agreement between the results of successive measurement of the same measurand  carried out under same conditions of measurement. • Sensitivity: • Change in the response of a measuring instrument divided by the corresponding change in the stimulus. 13

15. Calibration in electrical lab 14

16. 1693 QUADTECH DIGIBRIDGE / LCR METER 15

17. KEY FEATURES • 0.02% Measurement Accuracy for RLC, G, Z and Y • 0.0001% Accuracy for DQ measurements • Programmable Frequency 12 Hz - 200 kHz • 5-digit LED display for RLC; four-digit readout for D and Q • 11 Impedance Parameters 16

18. Calibration using RLC digibridge • Basic Procedure • START UP: • Line voltage at 90-120V & 180-250V (Frequency 50-60Hz) • Set TEMP • EXTERNAL BIAS OFF • Set TALK switch if Talk only, if IEEE488 interface is optional • ZEROINGConditions: • SLOW measure rate, 1V test voltage, RANGE HELD indicator NOT lit. 17

19. Procedure Cont... • Open circuit: • Press [FUNCTION] key [if necessary] to select MEASURE function. • Press [MEASURE MODE] key [if necessary] to select TRIGGERED mode. • Press keys deliberately: [1][6][9][3][=][SHIFT][OPEN]. • NOTE the Go indicator being lit and two zeros confirm the previous step. • Keep hands and objects at least 10cm from list fixture. 18

20. Procedure Contd... • Press the START button the GO indicator disappear. • Wait for the Go indicator to be lit again. • Short circuit: • Short the fixture with a clean copper wire length 5 to 8cm. 19

21. Applications: • Meters used for impedance measurements (inductance, capacitance, and resistance) to characterize the performance of a variety of electrical components and materials. • To test resistors, capacitors, inductors or any type of passive component 20

22. THERMOCOUPLE • A thermocouple is a temperature sensor that in its most common form consists of two wires of different compositions joined together at one end (“measuring junction”). • A thermocouple is useful for temperature sensing because it generates measurable electrical signal. The signal is proportional to the difference in temperature between the measuring and reference junction and it is defined by means of table, on international temperature scale. 21

23. TYPES OF THERMOCOUPLE E type R type C type 22 K type B type

24. Calibration of RTD / Thermocouple 23

25. CALIBRATION METHOD • Connect the main supply to the standard for its warm up time. • Standard RTD / thermocouple and UUC are immersed to same depth into hot zone of the temperature oil bath. • The inner comparison between PRT / thermocouple and UUC is done with the help of temperature / emf measurement system like digital temperature calibrator • Observation of output of UUC against the standard temperature in ⁰C / microvolt is recorded in data reading sheet. 24

26. General requirments and precautions: • Main power supply to standard should be through transformer & servo stabilizer • Energize the standard for warm up time as mentioned in its instruction manual; if it is not mentioned then energize it for half an hour. • Proper oil should be used in oil temperature bath to stimulate the condition & oil baths should be covered tightly to avoid heat loss. 25

27. ERROR OF MEASUREMENT • Gross Error: • These error are largely due to human errors. • Incorrect adjustments. • Use of measuring instruments which are not calibrated. • Incorrect observations. • Improper choice of test elements. • Systematic Errors: • These are also called fixed biased and are largely due to uncertainty associated with the measuring instrument/standard . 26

28. STANDARDS OF MEASUREMENT • National Standards • International Standards • Secondary Standards • Reference Standards • Working Standards • Transfer Standards • Travelling Standards 27

29. TESTING LAB WHAT IS TESTING? Testing is basically defined as evaluation of quality of product as per various standards. In testing lab testing of various electronic/ electrical equipments is carried under conditions specified by the user BIS: Bureau Of Indian Standards IEC:Indian Electro technical Commission ISO:International Standard Organization 28

30. TYPES OF TESTS • Type Test: • Test required to be performed before supply of product on a general commercial basis, on a type of product in order to demonstrate satisfactorily the performance characteristics to meet the intended application. • Acceptance Test: • Test carried out on samples taken from a lot for the purpose of acceptance of the lot. • Routine Test: • Test made by manufacturer on all finished products to demonstrate the integrity of the product. 29

31. CABLE TESTING • The cable is composed of the following types of materials: • 1. Conductors • 2. Insulators • 2.1 type 1 • 2.2 type 2 • 2.3 type 3 • 3. Fillers • 4. Armoring • 5. Sheath 30

32. HIGH VOLTAGE TEST • Significance: • The insulation material in a cable is used to isolate the conductors from one another and ground, as well as provide the necessary mechanical strength. The fundamental requirement of the insulation in an electric cable is that it can withstand voltage imposed on it. It is necessary that imposing a higher stress for short duration make an evaluation of the condition of the insulation. 31

33. Procedure • The high voltage source is connected to the conductor of the core under test. The core not under test, screen and armor are connected to the earth terminal, depending on the mode of connection. • The test voltage is raised and is maintained for specific time. After the specified time, the voltage is rapidly decreased but the voltage is not interrupted suddenly to avoid the possibility of switching transients, which may affect the result. 32