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Y-chromosome

Y-chromosome.

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Y-chromosome

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  1. Y-chromosome DNA on this is passed down the paternal line with usually no change. Every few hundred years however there may be a change in one of the repeated sequences of DNA called “”Short tandem repeats” or “STRs”. We can analyse these STRs using techniques known as “PCR” and electrophoresis to produce a DNA “fingerprint”.

  2. STRs 391 390 393 392 388 19 Z7 10 22 15 11 16 14 Z24 12 25 13 13 12 14 Z34 10 23 13 11 13 13 Z36 10 24 13 13 12 15 Z38 10 22 13 11 14 15 Z40 10 24 13 14 12 14 Z42 10 25 13 11 10 16 Z45 10 22 13 11 14 14 Z50 09 23 12 11 16 16 The rows Z7, Z24 etc correspond to particular individuals. The columns 391, 390 etc correspond to the different number of STRs in 6 markers or parts of the Y- chromosome. The sequence of numbers 10 22 15 11 16 14 etc. is known as a persons “haplotype”. We can enter this data into a database known as YHRD to look for matches with over 13000 other people tested in Europe.

  3. http://www.yhrd.org/

  4. HIT MISS 17 17 The numbers refer to the place. E.g. 17 = Croatia Here are a few examples….

  5. Kevin Sampson 267 matches/13003

  6. Kevin Sampson 267 matches/13003 So Kevin’s paternal ancestor “may” have come from this area

  7. Chris Westhead, John Aindow, Roger Martlew, Alan Scarisbrick, Gordon Ashcroft, Tom Howard, John Rosbotham, Norman Penketh, Edward Webster, Ole Christiansen

  8. Michael Fletcher 166 matches/13003

  9. Keith Rimmer 89 matches/13003

  10. Stanley Lunt 339 matches/13003

  11. John Risley 8 matches/13003

  12. Michael Welch 441 matches/13443

  13. Tony Tottey 166 matches/13003

  14. Brian Totty 166 matches/13003

  15. YHRD now allows “nearest neighbour” analysis”: during the course of 1000 years it is possible that there has been a single mutation of one of the Y-chromosome STRs along a man’s paternal ancestral line. e.g. for the man “Z7” the marker 391 could have originally been 9 or 11 repeats. Some mutations are rare and yield no matches. STRs 391 390 393 392 388 19 Z7 10 22 15 11 16 14 Z24 12 25 13 13 12 14 Z34 10 23 13 11 13 13 Z36 10 24 13 13 12 15 Z38 10 22 13 11 14 15 Z40 10 24 13 14 12 14 Z42 10 25 13 11 10 16 Z45 10 22 13 11 14 14 Z50 09 23 12 11 16 16

  16. Richard Harding’s Y-chromosome group No mutation, top matches: Ostgotland-Jonköping, Sweden and Gröningen, Friesland: ~8% of men have a match. One step mutation of one of his STR’s: Top matches for each mutation: West Norway (2ce) Oslo Puglia (followed by Central Norway) Vasterbotten, Sweden Uppsala Denmark Where the top matches for Richard’s Y-chromosome are to be found

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