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Overview of Human Trafficking

Overview of Human Trafficking.

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Overview of Human Trafficking

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  1. Overview of Human Trafficking

  2. Polaris Project’s vision is for a world without slavery. Named after the North Star that guided slaves towards freedom along the Underground Railroad, Polaris Project has been providing a comprehensive and community-based approach to combating human trafficking and modern-day slavery since 2002.

  3. OVERVIEW OF POLARIS PROJECT • Founding Story • Committed to comprehensive approach • Our work includes the following program areas... • Victim Services and Housing • Federal and State Policy Advocacy • Training and Technical Assistance • National Resource Center (Hotline) • Public Awareness and Outreach • Fellowship Program Polaris Project

  4. NATIONAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING RESOURCE CENTER • Toll-Free National Hotline 24/7, 365 Days, Live Person, 172 Languages, Confidential • Responds to Crisis Calls • Reports Tips to Law Enforcement • Provides Victim Service Referrals • Conducts Training & Technical Assistance • Generates Statistical Reports and Offers Resources Polaris Project

  5. NHTRC Reported Trafficking Cases NHTRC (2007-2012)

  6. The SCOPE • 20.9 Million Forced Labor Victims (ILO) • 14.5 Million Sex Trafficking Victims • Federal (2011): 118 Individuals Charged 125 Prosecutions 151 Convictions • Innocence Lost: 2,100 Children Recovered 1,010 Convicted • Total # of NHTRC Calls: 69,375 • Potential Victims Referenced on Hotline: 8,133

  7. Defining The Crime

  8. International, National, Local

  9. Trafficking Victims Protection Act 22 USC § 7102

  10. The A-M-P Model *Force, Fraud, and Coercion are not required for minors induced into commercial sex acts.

  11. Means

  12. Victim & Trafficker Profiles

  13. Populations Affected

  14. Where Does Trafficking Occur?

  15. Who is Vulnerable?

  16. Spotlight Children • Age is the most vulnerable factor • Force, fraud or coercion does NOT apply • Automatically recognized as victim if induced into commercial sex • Trafficking does NOT require movement • Invisible or Misidentified? Microsoft Free Images

  17. Childhood Sexual Abuse • Child victims of sexual abuse 27.7 times more likely to be arrested for prostitution as an adult • Murphy P. Making the Connections: Women, Work and Abuse. Paul M Deutsche Press, Orlando FL (1993) • 70-90% of commercially sexually exploited children have a history of childhood sexual abuse • National Institute of Justice “Victims of Childhood Sexual Abuse – Later Criminal Consequences” (1995)

  18. Who are the Traffickers? • Any demographic • Individuals and groups • Street gangs and organized crime • Businesses or contractors Traffickers are people who exploit others for profit Microsoft Free Images

  19. Traffickers at Schools • They can be all ages and genders • Target most vulnerable students (e.g., foster or low income students, IEPs, homeless) • Recruit on and off campus directly and/or through other victims (i.e., peer recruitment) • Utilize cell phones and social media to find, groom, monitor, and control victims

  20. Victim Understanding & Indicators

  21. NHTRC Cases Involving Minors NHTRC (2007-2012)

  22. Hotline Cases Involving Minor Victims12/07-1/13 We have had 384 hotline calls from educators/school personnel.

  23. Barriers to Victim Self-Identification

  24. Victim Indicators • Under 18 and providing commercial sex acts • No control of own money or ID • Use of drugs (e.g. marijuana, ecstasy, etc) • Truancy and chronic absenteeism • Change in friends or social group • Sudden drop in school performance • Rumors among other students regarding sexual activity • Running away from home • Unequal treatment of children from the same household

  25. Victim Indicators • Sudden change in attire, new belongings • Signs of physical abuse, restraint, or confinement • Talk of new, older boyfriend • Signs of untreated illness, injuries, etc. • New cell phone or multiple cell phones • Rapid weight loss/malnourishment • Branding or suspicious tattoos • Changes in attitude/emotional demeanor • Presence of sexualized content or images on social media websites

  26. How To Get Involved

  27. Recommendations • Designate a point of contact for human trafficking related issues within your school districts • Provide training for teachers, teaching aids, and school resource officers regarding CSEC • Build partnerships with local law enforcement and resources within your community for “at risk” youth • Develop protocols and reporting procedures for addressing potential victims and recruiters/controllers on your campus

  28. Call The Hotline • Call 1-888-3737-888 if you encounter red flags • Note the location(s), date/times, names (if known), and physical identifiers Polaris Project

  29. Additional Resources • U.S. Department of Education http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/oese/oshs/factsheet.html • Federal Bureau of Investigationhttp://www.fbi.gov/hq/cid/civilrights/slavery.htm • U.S. Immigration and Custom Enforcementhttp://www.ice.gov/pi/investigations/publicsafety/humantrafficking.htm • National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline 1-888-373-7888 or www.traffickingresourcecenter.org

  30. Polaris Project Online Resources

  31. Connect To Polaris Project Join our Grassroots Network! • Connect potential victims to the hotline • Connect to your online and local community Polaris Project

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