Story of Haabil and Qaabil 2

1. Story of Haabil and Qaabil 2 ICN Sisters’ Halaqah

2. Premeditated Crime and a Premeditated Response • When Qaabil told Haabil he was going to kill him • How did he respond? • لَئِنْ بَسَطْتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقْتُلَنِي مَا أَنَا بِبَاسِطٍ يَدِيَ إِلَيْكَ لِأَقْتُلَكَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ (28) • 28. "If You do stretch Your Hand against Me to kill Me, I shall never stretch My Hand against You to kill you, for I fear Allâh; the Lord of the 'Alamîn (mankind, jinns, and All that exists).“ • (for I fear Allah; the Lord of the all that exists.) and, as a result, I will not commit the error that you threaten to commit. Rather, I will observe patience and endurance. `Abdullah bin `Amr said, "By Allah! Habil was the stronger of the two men. But, fear of Allah restricted his hand.''

3. Harms of Muslims Fighting •  The Prophet said in a Hadith recorded in the Two Sahihs, • «إِذَا تَوَاجَهَ الْمُسْلِمَانِ بِسَيْفَيهِمَا فَالْقَاتِلُ وَالْمَقْتُولُ فِي النَّار» • (When two Muslims fight (meet) each other with their swords, both the murderer as well as the murdered will go to the Hellfire.) They said, "O Allah's Messenger! It is all right for the murderer, but what about the victim'' Allah's Messenger replied, • «إِنَّه كَانَ حَرِيصًا عَلى قَتْلِ صَاحِبِه» • He surely had the intention to kill his companion.

4. Dealing With Fitnah • Imam Ahmad recorded that, at the beginning of the calamity that `Uthman suffered from, Sa`d bin AbiWaqqas said, "I bear witness that the Messenger of Allah said, • «إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ فِتْنَةٌ القَاعِدُ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْقَائِمِ، وَالْقَائِمُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْمَاشِي، وَالْمَاشِي خَيْرٌ مِنَ السَّاعِي» • (There will be a Fitnah, and he who sits idle during it is better than he who stands up, and he who stands up in it is better than he who walks, and he who walks is better than he who is walking at a fast pace.) When he was asked, `What if someone enters my home and stretched his hand to kill me' He said, • «كُنْ كَابْنِ آدَم» • (Be just like (the pious) son of Adam.)'' At-Tirmidhi also recorded it this way, and said, "This Hadith is Hasan, and similar is reported on this subject from Abu Hurayrah, Khabbab bin Al-Aratt, Abu Bakr, IbnMas`ud, Abu Waqid and Abu Musa

5. Why Didn’t Haabil Defend Himself? • Defending oneself is permissible • The Ulama have different ways they explain this • 1. He was warning his brother about not killing him, giving him naseehah • 2. afraid that in his defense he would cross the limits and end up killing his brother • 3. Saying he won’t raise his hand to kill, does not mean he would not raise his hand to defend himself • 4. Although defending himself was permissible, he chose the better option like Uthmanرضي الله عنه • 5. Self-defense may not have been permissible in that shariah

6. Importance of Fearing Sin • ﴿إِنِّى أُرِيدُ أَن تَبُوءَ بِإِثْمِى وَإِثْمِكَ فَتَكُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَـبِ النَّارِ وَذَلِكَ جَزَآءُ الظَّـلِمِينَ ﴾ • ("Verily, I intend to let you draw my sin on yourself as well as yours, then you will be one of the dwellers of the Fire, and that is the recompense of the wrongdoers.") • Ibn`Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi and Qatadah said that, the sin of murdering me, in addition to your previous sins. IbnJarir recorded this. Allah's statement, • Fearing the fire is a sign of the people of Taqwa • Whoever fears the fire in this dunya Allah will give him security in the aakhirah

7. What encouraged Qaabil to carry out his action? • His nafs made him feel that his action was justified • فَطَوَّعَتْ لَهُ نَفْسُهُ قَتْلَ أَخِيهِ فَقَتَلَهُ فَأَصْبَحَ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ (30) • 30. so the Nafs (self) of the other (latter one) encouraged Him and made fair seeming to Him the murder of his brother; He murdered Him and became one of the losers.

8. Goals of Shaytaan • Get people to commit shirk and kufr • Get people to engage in bidah • What are some of the harms of Bidah? • People in bidah rarely make tawbah • Bidah can lead to kufr • Bidah reflects an attitude that a person is doing something that the Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم left out

9. Major Sins • Allah tells us to avoid major sins • {إِن تجتنبوا كَبَائِر مَا تنهون عَنهُ نكفر عَنْكُم سَيِّئَاتكُمْ وَنُدْخِلكُمْ مدخلاً كَرِيمًا • 31. if You avoid the great sins which You are forbidden to do, we shall wipe out from You Your (small) sins, and admit You to a Noble Entrance (i.e. Paradise). • According to Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما they are close to 70 • Any sin that has a punishment in this dunya (stealing, committing adultery, bearing false witness, murder) warning in the aakhirah, such as punishment or anger, or a curse of the Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم • Some major sins are more harmful than others • What is the most major of the major sins?

10. Imam Ad-Dhabi’s Compilation of Major Sins • Shirk • Sorcery • Disobedience to Parents • Leaving Salah • Not paying Zakah with ability to do so • Not performing Hajj with ability to do so • Breaking family ties • Adultery • Lying especially about Allah and His Messenger صلى الله عليه و سلم • Interest • GheebahAn-Nameemah • Causing problems between married people

11. Tawbah • According to the overwhelming majority of scholars necessitates Tawbah • “Whoever doesn’t repent is from the dhalimoon.” • He is oppressing himself and others because he has a resource to make his life better in this world and the next, but he does not care nor take advantage of this blessing • Insha’Allah the next few slides we will be focusing on: • 1. the need to make tawbah • 2. the virtues of making tawbah • 3.the conditions of a sincere tawbah • 4. some obstacles in the path of tawbah and how to get rid of them.

12. The Need To Make Tawbah • Allah has commanded us to make tawbah. • يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا تُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ تَوْبَةً نَّصُوحًا عَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُكَفِّرَ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَيُدْخِلَكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ • 8. O You who believe! turn to Allâh with sincere repentance so that Your Lord will forgive Your sins, and enter You into Gardens under which rivers flow • The Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم told us in a hadeeth in SahihMuslim • يا أيها الناس توبوا إلى الله واستغفروه فإنى أتوب إليه فى اليوم مائة مرة • O people make tawbah to Allah SWT and seek his forgiveness for indeed I repent to Allah one hundred times a day. • This is our Prophet SAWS, and we know that Allah had forgiven everything he had done in his past and future.

13. Golden Opportunities • ففى صحيح مسلم من حديث أبى موسى أن النبى • قال: " إن الله تعالى يبسط يده بالليل ليتوب مسىء النهار، ويبسط يده بالنهار ليتوب مسىء الليل حتى تطلع الشمس من مغربها" • Indeed Allah spreads his hand during the day to forgive the sinners of the night, and he spreads his hand during the night to forgive the sinners of the day and he will continue to do so until the sun rises from the West. • In another hadeeth we find that Allah descends every night to the lowest heaven and says who is calling upon me so that I may answer him, who is asking of me, so that I may grant him, who is making repentance to me so that I may grant them forgiveness.

14. Virtues of Tawbah • Gaining the love of Allah سبحانه و تعالى • إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ التَّوَّابِينَ وَيُحِبُّ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ (222) • Indeed He loves those who repent and those that purify themselves • If Allah loves one of his slaves he calls Jibreelalayhis salaam and says O Jibreel I love so and so, so love him, so Jibreelalayhis Salaam loves him, then Jibreel loves him, then JibreelAlayhis Salaam calls out in the heavens and tells everyone in the heavens that Allah loves so and so, so they love him, then Jibreelalayhis salaam calls out in the earth and acceptance is put for him on earth. • May Allah makes us all amongst the people that He loves

15. Making Allah Happy • When we make tawbah we make Allah سبحانه و تعالىhappy. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم tell us that Allah is more happy when we make tawbah than a man in the desert, who puts all of his provisions, meaning all of his food and drink on his animal, and then that animal runs away, and he sits down at the side of a tree, loses all hope and waits for death, then his animal returns to him with all of his food and drink. Imagine the happiness of the person during this state, Allah is more happy with you when you return to him in repentance.

16. A Means of Increasing in Blessings in This World • Whoever wants to attain success in this life and the next the way he can achieve this is by making tawbah. Whoever wants wealth, children, and peace and comfort in this world the answer is tawbah. • Allah says in the Quran • {فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّارًا * يُرْسِلِ السَّمَاء عَلَيْكُم مِّدْرَارًا * وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ أَنْهَارًا * مَّا لَكُمْ لَا تَرْجُونَ لِلَّهِ وَقَارًا • 10. "I said (to them): 'Ask Forgiveness from Your Lord; Verily, He is Oft-Forgiving; • 11. 'He will send rain to You In abundance; • 12. 'And increase you In wealth and children, and bestow on You Gardens and bestow on You rivers.' " • 13. what is the matter with you, [That You fear not Allâh (his punishment), and] You hope not for reward (from Allâh or You believe not In his Oneness). • Turn to Allah SWT and repent to him right away. Don’t put it off death can come upon each of us unexpectedly.

17. Conditions of Sincere Repentance • 1. Sincerity- don’t repent to Allah because you fear people, or prison, but repent because you fear Allah and want to gain his pleasure • 2. Stop the sin- if you are committing a sin, then you must stop it immediately. If you are neglecting an obligation, such as your prayer, or the hijaab then you must start fulfilling your obligations • 3. Feel sorry for the sins that you committed- sins are made that they make you feel good, but remember the consequences of committing sin, and focus on the rewards of the hereafter and insha’Allah any pleasure you take in committing sins will go away. • 4. Good deeds and be consistent with them, they will help wipe out your sins • 5. If the sins that you are repenting from have to do with the rights of your fellow human beings then restore their rights. For example if you’ve taken money from some one return their money. If you’ve backbitten someone then its not necessary to go to that person and say I said this and this about you, but make tawbah, dua for that person and go to the gathering where you talked bad about the person and say good things about them.

18. Obstacles in the Way of Repentance • These are a few things that will stand in the way of those wanting to repent, and we destroy them, by remembering the virtues and blessings of repenting to Allah SWT. • 1. Beautification of sins by shaytaan. The people of the past used to kill their children and think that this was an act of ibaadah. Protect yourself from shaytaan. Everyone is doing it, its not a big deal. • 2. Don’t be deceived by the blessings Allah has bestowed upon you. Some times he lets people go and doesn’t punish them right away so that they can increase in sins. • 3. The preference of this life over the hereafter. Many people will sacrifice their religion for the sake of this world. Repent to Allah and turn to him in obedience and he will open the doors of success in this world and the next • 4. Evil companions- they are the ones that prevent you from repenting and if you do then they will convince you and take you back to the sins that you have been committing. Avoid them and pray for them • 5. Shaytaan’s deception- shaytaan comes to some people and says you committed so many sins, Allah will not forgive you, so commit more sins, Allah tells us not to lose hope in his mercy and turn to him in repentance and he will forgive you.

19. Last Word on Tawbah • If we don’t repent to Allah سبحانه و تعالىwe need to fear his punishment. Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه و سلم said the least punished person on the Day of Judgment will be a person who will have two burning coals under his feet, and they will be so hot that they will boil his brain, and he will think no body is being punished more than him, but his punishment is the lightest.

20. Back to the Goals of Shaytaan • Minor Sins • When these can add up and lead to the destruction of a person • Increase in mubaahaat- those actions which are permissible until the person leaves the obligatory acts • Choosing a more preferred option over a less preferred • Benefitting oneself rather than benefitting the group or the whole

21. Back to the Story • فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ غُرَابًا يَبْحَثُ فِي الْأَرْضِ لِيُرِيَهُ كَيْفَ يُوَارِي سَوْءَةَ أَخِيهِ قَالَ يَا وَيْلَتَا أَعَجَزْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِثْلَ هَذَا الْغُرَابِ فَأُوَارِيَ سَوْءَةَ أَخِي فَأَصْبَحَ مِنَ النَّادِمِينَ (31) • 31. Then Allâh sent a crow who scratched the ground to show Him to hide the dead body of his brother. He (the murderer) said: "Woe to Me! am I not even Able to be as This crow and to hide the dead body of My brother?" Then He became one of those who regretted. • He regretted at a time when that regret would not benefit him

22. Warning of Establishing Bad Practices • لاَ تُقْتَلُ نَفْسٌ ظُلْمًا إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْ دَمِهَا» وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَنَّ القَتْلَ