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Introductions for the “Weizmann Distinguished Lectures Day”

Introductions for the “Weizmann Distinguished Lectures Day”. b y Oded Goldreich. Boaz Barak (MSR) [WIS’04]. Pioneering non-black-box proofs of security (e.g., for zero-knowledge):

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Introductions for the “Weizmann Distinguished Lectures Day”

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  1. Introductions for the “Weizmann Distinguished Lectures Day” by OdedGoldreich

  2. Boaz Barak (MSR) [WIS’04] Pioneering non-black-box proofs of security (e.g., for zero-knowledge): Standard proofs of security are via reductions that use the hypothetical adversary as a black-box, and it was believed that limitations of such proofs represent real limitations. Work on randomness extraction (from few independent sources). Work on the Unique Game Conjecture.

  3. IritDinur (WIS) [TAU’01] PCP THM = Every NP-proof can be efficiently transformed to one that can be verified probabilistically by inspecting a constant number of bits in it. Prior proofs of the PCP theorem combined two extremely complex PCP systems. Irit’s proof starts with a trivial PCP system and obtains the final one by a long sequence of gradual amplifications of the detection probability. Focus: A proof of the PCP THM by (gradual) Gap Amplification. Along the way she resolves a problem that would have taken a decade to resolve otherwise: Obtaining PCP systems of almost linear length.

  4. Johan Hastad (KTH) [MIT’86] Pseudorandom Generators based on any One-Way Function. Tight: OWF are necessary. Leading 2nd generation of PCP constructions, culminating with (relatively tight) non-approximability results for several central optimization problems including MaxClique and MaxSAT. (relatively tight) Lower Bounds for AC0.

  5. SalilVadhan (Harvard) [MIT’99] Major player in 2nd generation of constructions of randomness extractors (from T’99 to GUV’07). Unconditional studies of ZK, culminating in SZKA based on any OWF.N.B.: Dual result to CZKIP based on OWF. The Zig-Zagproduct (see its application to UCONN in L).

  6. Richard Karp (UCB) [Harvard’59] • NP-Completeness ["Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", 1972] • Classical algorithms for optimization problems, including max-flow [w. Edmonds, 1971] and matching in bipartite graphs [w. Hopcroft, 1973]. • And much more… One of the founding fathers of Computer Science.

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