Chapter 5: Associative Learning And Unlearning

1. Chapter 5: Associative Learning And Unlearning From Mechanisms of Memory, second edition By J. David Sweatt, Ph.D.

2. Purkinje Neuron Chapter 5

3. HUMAN MEMORY DECLARATIVE (EXPLICIT) NONDECLARATIVE (IMPLICIT) FACTS EVENTS SIMPLE CLASSICAL CONDITIONING NONASSOCIATIVE LEARNING PROCEDURAL (SKILLS AND HABITS) PRIMING EMOTIONAL RESPONSES SKELETAL MUSCULATURE REFLEX PATHWAYS MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE AMYGDALA CEREBELLUM STRIATUM NEOCORTEX Subdivisions of Human Memory Milner B, Squire LR, Kandel ER: "Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory". Neuron 1998, 20:445-468.

4. Terminology of Associative Conditioning Figure 1

5. Pavlov and one of his Dogs Figure 2

6. Nonsocial and Social Fear Learning in Humans Figure 3

7. Fear Learning in Human Amygdala Figure 4

8. Anatomy of the Fear System Figure 5

9. Short-term Memory Working Memory Long-term Memory Action Potential Firing Sustained Neural Circuit Activity Persisting Molecular and Cellular Changes Changes in Synaptic Structure Anatomical Circuit Alterations Figure 8

10. Terje Lomo and Tim Bliss 2003 1969 Figure 6

11. Long-term Potentiation in the Amygdala Figure 7

12. A. B. Cue-plus-contextual Fear Conditioning Context Alone Conditioning CONTEXTUAL TEST TRAINING CUED TEST C. Context Discrimination TEST TRAINING TRAINING Context 1 CONTEXTUAL TEST Context 2 Context 1 Variations of Fear Conditioning

13. Principal Circuit of the Amygdala

14. Principal circuit of the Amygdala Strong Weak CS CS Paired Activity Strong Strong US US

15. Fear Conditioning Results in Poetentiation Figure 9

16. Effect of Paired/Unpaired Training on CS Figure 10

18. Eye-blink Conditioning in Rabbits Corneal Air Puff Elicits Eyeblink Response Tone Given Alone Elicits Eyeblink Response Corneal Air Puff Given with Tone Figure 11

19. Diagram of the Neural Circuit Purkinje Neurons LTD Parallel Fibers Granule Cells Climbing Fibers Purkinje Cells Inferior Olivary Complex Mossy Fibers - GABA Tone (Conditioned Stimulus) Pontine Nuclei Nucleus Interpositus Trigeminal (V) Ganglion Corneal Air Puff (Unconditioned Stimulus) VIII Nerve Red Nucleus Facial Nerve Motor Neuron Eyeblink Response Figure 12

20. Auditory Cue Reward Learning Bar Press = Reward CUED Bar Press = No Reward UNCUED Figure 13

21. Diagram of the Limbic Corticostriatal Loop Figure 14

22. CS and US Must Touch Each Other Unmasking of Latent Circuits Increases Or Decreases in Synaptic Strength Can Underlie Memory

23. Honeybee Waggle Dance Blue Box 2

24. Honeybee PER Blue Box 2

25. Olfactory Learning in Drosophila-The Fruitfly Blue Box 3

26. Olfactory Learning in Drosophila-The Fruitfly

27. Hermissenda Image courtesy of Mike Johnson

28. Pavlovian Conditioning in Hermissenda Blue Box 4

29. The Pond Snail Lymnaea Blue Box 3

30. A Pigeon in a “Skinner Box” Blue Box 7

31. Birdbrains Species BehaviorType of Learning/Memory Pigeon Pecking, bar-pressing Operant conditioning Chicken (hatchling) Instinctive bead-pecking Conditioned taste aversion Canaries, Finches Song learning Declarative memory? Language? Chickadees, Nutcrackers, Blue Jays Seed caching Spatial memory Barn Owls Visual system adaptation Motor adaptation learning Crows Tool making Motor learning, instrumental learning Blue Box 8