1 / 27

How to Analyze a poem

How to Analyze a poem. You look at a poem and ask, “Where do I go from here?”. How They Put It Together. Poets construct poems on purpose Every word and space has meaning All aspects (parts) of a poem contribute to the meaning Most poems have many layers to uncover.

amalie
Télécharger la présentation

How to Analyze a poem

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. How to Analyze a poem You look at a poem and ask, “Where do I go from here?”

  2. How They Put It Together • Poets construct poems on purpose • Every word and space has meaning • All aspects (parts) of a poem contribute to the meaning • Most poems have many layers to uncover

  3. Elements to Analyze • Visual Elements • Lyric Devices • Literal Meaning • Figurative Meaning • Imagery • Historical context • Theme We look at these parts to determine the meaning of the poem—some poets do not make use of all devices. As we investigate each part of the poem, we must ask, “why did the poet make use of this device?” “How does it contribute to the poem’s meaning?”

  4. Visual elements • Before we even read, do we notice anything visually about the poem? - Is the shape unique? - Do we notice any different uses of punctuation or of another convention?

  5. The Negro Speaks of Rivers Langston Hughes I've known rivers: I've known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins. My soul has grown deep like the rivers. I bathed in the Euphrates when dawns were young. I built my hut near the Congo and it lulled me to sleep. I looked upon the Nile and raised the pyramids above it. I heard the singing of the Mississippi when Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans, and I've seen its muddy bosom turn all golden in the sunset. I've known rivers: Ancient, dusky rivers. My soul has grown deep like the rivers. Shaped like the flow of a river?

  6. Iwillrememberwith my breathto make a mountain,with my sucked-in breatha valley, with my pushed-outbreath a mountain. I will makea valley wider than the whisper, Iwill make a higher mountain than the cry,will with my will breathe a mountain. I willwith my will breathe a valley. I will push outa mountain, suck in a valley, deeper than the shoutYOU MUST DIE harder, heavier, sharper a mountain thanthe truth YOU MUST DIE. I will remember. My breath willmake a mountain. My will will remember to will. I, suck-ing, pushing, I will breathe a valley, I will breathe a mountain. Night Practice May Swenson

  7.         5 Emily Dickinson I Never Saw a Moor e e cummings In Just-- I never saw a moor, I never saw the sea; Yet know I how the heather looks, And what a wave must be. I never spoke with God, Nor visited in heaven; Yet certain am I of the spot As if the chart were given. in Just- spring when the world is mud- luscious the little lame baloonman whistles far and wee and eddyandbill come running from marbles and piracies and it's spring when the world is puddle-wonderful the queer old baloonman whistles far and wee and bettyandisbel Both of these poems make unique use of conventions—we call this poetic license

  8. Visual elements • Do we notice that the poem has a specific number of lines or stanzas? • Does the number of lines or stanzas make us think that it might be a specific kind of poem [like haiku or a sonnet?

  9. Visual elements We give stanzas of specific line length names couplet quatrain sestet octave Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

  10. Lyric devices Lyric devices are elements that a writer makes use of to give his/her poem a pleasing sound Think about the songs you like, or childhood stories, many of them had fun rhymes or repetitive sounds Poetry is meant to be read out loud; therefore, it should sound pleasing to the ear

  11. Lyric devices Rhyme is the most obvious lyric device • end rhyme • rhyme scheme (pattern) • internal rhyme • sight rhyme Do you like green eggs and ham? I do not like them Sam-I-Am I do not like Green Eggs And ham.

  12. Lyric devices Rhyme Scheme We designate the end sound with a letter of the alphabet. Then we use the letters to graph a pattern Give me women, wine, and snuffUntil I cry out "hold, enough!"You may do so sans objectionTill the day of resurrection: Internal Rhyme Internal Rhyme is rhyming within a line. I awoke to blackflak. Sight Rhyme Words that are spelled alike but that are pronounced differently—said and paid or again and rain.

  13. Lyric devices • Another important lyric device is alliteration • This is the repetition of same sounds • The words in a poem can start or end with the same sound • Assonance • Consonance Six sleek swans swam swiftly southwards

  14. Lyric devices The tide rises, the tide falls,The twilight darkens, the curlew calls;Along the sea-sands damp and brownThe traveler hastens toward the town,And the tide rises, the tide falls. Darkness settles on roofs and walls,But the sea, the sea in darkness calls;The little waves, with their soft, white handsEfface the footprints in the sands,And the tide rises, the tide falls. The morning breaks; the steeds in their stallsStamp and neigh, as the hostler calls;The day returns, but nevermoreReturns the traveler to the shore.And the tide rises, the tide falls. • Repetition of words or phrases creates certain patterns or cadences of sound The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

  15. Literal Meaning • Poems = many layers of meaning. • Literal meaning = first layer - What is happening in the poem? • What is the poem about? • Paraphrase[summarize in his/her own words] • Long poems can be paraphrased line by line or stanza by stanza in order to be understood

  16. Figurative meaning • Figurative devices contribute to a deeper or secondary layer of meaning • Metaphor/simile • Allusion • Symbolism

  17. Metaphors and Similes Simile Metaphor She runs like the wind Clouds like cotton candy The rain is falling like cats and dogs. He is a fox The car is a cell I am hot for her A metaphor = direct comparison A simile = indirect comparison. The two objects in a metaphor are equal and the objects in a simile are comparable

  18. Allusion - a reference to something outside the poem. Usually reference is mythological, biblical, historical, literary, or from current events. Pollyanna—simplistically looks at the bright side (novel by Eleanor H. Porter) Stork = associated with new births “Tilting at windmills" = a literary allusion to the story of Don Quixote (by Miguel Cervantes) Opening Pandora’s box = An act that might let loose many unforeseen and unmanageable problems —[Greek Mythology]

  19. Symbolism – when an object stands for another object or idea Universal Symbols Particular Symbols When a symbol has basically the same meaning to people of various geographies, time periods and cultures When a symbol has a unique meaning to a specific group of people and various meanings depending on the group interpreting it.

  20. Symbolism Other common symbols Colors are often symbolic As are seasons… Royalty Nature/ecology Death/sorrow Danger Purity/innocence

  21. She may be the face I can't forget The trace of pleasure or regret May be my treasure or the price I have to pay She may be the song that summer sings May be the chill that autumn brings May be a hundred different things Within the measure of a day IMAGERY Details which use the five senses to describe a vivid mental picture "Holes in my confidence, holes in the knees of my jeans.” --Paul Simon "I was as empty of life as a scarecrow's pockets." --Raymond Chandler

  22. IMAGERY- helps create tone/mood of a poem. Describe tone with words like: lighthearted, somber, suspenseful, introspective, etc. The Raven --Edgar Allan Poe The Raven Edgar Allan Poe Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore,While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door." 'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door;Only this, and nothing more." What images can you pick out of this poem? What tone do they evoke?

  23. Historical Context - the reader often needs to understand the history of the time period poem was written. Or, know something about the poet to get full impact of the poem’s meaning. When lilacs last in the dooryard bloom'd,And the great star early droop'd iun the western sky in the night,I mourn'd, and yet shall mourn with ever-returning spring. Ever-returning spring trinity sure to me you bring,Lilac blooming perennial and drooping star in the west,And thought of him I love. --Walt Whitman If the reader didn’t know this poem was written about Lincoln’s assassination, it wouldn’t make as much sense.

  24. Poetry is audio experience • But – before we do any of that – we have to experience the poem- we have to listen to the play of words and the rhythm • Think backwards from what you have learned to do with poems.

  25. So, what’s the Point? We analyze a poem to find the meaning.We look at all of the parts to determine the whole.We pick it apart to see what the poet has hidden for us.

  26. AND?We read poems for the same reason we listen to songs…They give us assurance that we are not alone.

  27. We are trying to figure out the THEME Theme = The message What lesson, truth or message is the poet trying to impart to us? Usually it can be stated in one sentence. Theme is not the subject. If you can point back to the poem and show where you got the theme, you cannot be wrong. However, some interpretations can be more right based on correct interpretation of symbolism, allusion or other parts of the poem.

More Related