Term Project: ULTRA WIDE-BAND COMMUNICATIONS

1. Term Project:ULTRA WIDE-BAND COMMUNICATIONS Prepared and Presented by Alain Eid ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

2. Contents • Introduction to UWB • Definition of UWB • IEEE 802.15.3a Standard • Wireless Alternatives • Multi-Bands Design • UWB Transceivers • Technology Challenges • Conclusion ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

3. Chronology Research on UWB • Is it a New Technology? • The first impulse system patent was awarded in 1954 • The basic concept was first described in 1960 • The first landmark patent of UWB was awarded in 1973 • It has been used since 1980 in military Radar applications • The term UWB was first used in 1989 by DoD • Up to 1994, all UWB studies were classified • A substantial change occurred in 2002 when UWB was made public (by FCC) • The Answer is NO ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

4. Definition of UWB UWB spectral mask for indoor communications systems ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

5. Definition of UWB (Continued) US Spectrum Allocation for Unlicensed Use ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

6. IEEE 802.15.3a Standard IEEE 802.15.3a Summary Requirements ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

7. Wireless Alternatives • In order to understand where UWB fits in with the current trends in wireless communications, we need to consider the general problem that communications systems try to solve. Specifically, if wireless were an ideal medium, we could use it to send: • a lot of data • very far • very fast • for many users • all at once ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

8. Wireless Alternatives (Continued) • Unfortunately, it is impossible to achieve all five attributes simultaneously for systems supporting unique, private, two-way communication streams. • One or more have to be given up if the others are to do well. Original wireless systems were built to bridge large distances in order to link two parties together. • However, recent history of radio shows a clear trend toward improving on the other four attributesat the expense of distance. ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

9. Wireless Alternatives (Continued) • Four trends are driving short-range wireless in general and ultra-wideband in particular: • The growing demand for wireless data capability in portable devices at higher bandwidth but lower in cost and power consumption than currently available. • Crowding in the spectrum that is segmented and licensed by regulatory authorities in traditional ways. • The growth of high-speed wired access to the Internet in enterprises, homes, and public spaces. • Shrinking semiconductor cost and power consumption for signal processing. ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

10. Wireless Alternatives (Continued) Spatial Capacity Comparison Between IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth and UWB ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

11. Wireless Alternatives (Continued) Channel Capacity for Additive, White Gaussian Noise ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

12. Multi-Bands Design • UWB has been defined in the past as a method to encode information using impulses. • These impulses can be modulated either with position, or with amplitude or with phase. • The transmitter feeds these impulses to a very large bandwidth, non-resonating antenna, or sometimes the antenna itself shapes the impulses to the required frequency of operation. • UWB companies have developed proprietary techniques to generate and detect such impulses, using non-resonating components. • These impulses are especially effective for radar systems, where the resolution is proportional to the bandwidth, but have proven difficult to realize in CMOS so far. ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

13. Multi-Bands (Continued) Multi-Band Signals Sequence ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

14. Multi-Bands (Continued) Multi-Band Signal Reference ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

15. UWB Transceivers Multi-Bands Transceiver Block Diagram ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

16. UWB Transceivers (Continued) UWB Transceiver’s Typical Performance ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

17. UWB Applications • Desktops and Laptop PCs • High resolution printers, scanners, storage devices… • Connectivity to mobile and CE devices • Mobile Devices • Multimedia files, MP3, games, video • Personal connectivity • CE Devices • Cameras, DVD, HDTV • Personal connectivity • Military Communications • Radars and Sensing ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

18. Technology Challenges • Short-range wireless systems based on narrowband carrier modulation VS High data rates to transmit video over air. • Spatial capacity VS System performance and spectral efficiency of UWB radio devices. ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

19. Technology Challenges (Continued) • Mutual interference between UWB devices VS Level of QoS. • Modulation and channel coding VS Multi-User capacity. • Peak power VS Optimization of transmission techniques. • Excessive clock speed, synchronization, power consumption VS MEMS and SOI ECE Dept. – University of Windsor

20. Conclusion • The recently FCC frequency allocation for UWB has generated a lot of interest in UWB technologies. • 7500MHz of spectrum for unlicensed use. • Transmit signal must occupy at least 500MHz at whole times. • UWB is the most promising technology to support the rigorous requirements: 110, 200 and 480Mbps. • The new UWB technology emerging today, mostly as a consequence of the recent FCC spectrum allocation, is based on multi-bands. • There are still many technology’s challenges ahead, mostly around the high level of integration that UWB products requires: they need to be developed at low cost and low power to meet the vision of integrated connectivity for PAN. ECE Dept. – University of Windsor