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Carnotov kružni proces

p. V. Carnotov kružni proces. W = W AB + W BC + W CD + W DA. = Q 1 + (-  U) + (- Q 2 ) +  U. A. W = Q 1 – Q 2. T 2. B. T 1. D. C. Q 1. Q 2. W AB = Q 1. W CD = - Q 2. W BC = -  U. W DA =  U. Primjer: Temperatura grijača idealnog toplinskog stroja je

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Carnotov kružni proces

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  1. p V Carnotov kružni proces W = WAB + WBC + WCD + WDA = Q1 + (- U) + (- Q2) + U A W = Q1 – Q2 T2 B T1 D C Q1 Q2 WAB = Q1 WCD = - Q2 WBC = - U WDA = U

  2. Primjer: Temperatura grijača idealnog toplinskog stroja je 200 oC, a temperatura hladnijeg spremnika 20 oC. a) Kolika je korisnost? b) Odredite rad koji može dati stroj, ako od grijača primi količinu topline 300 kJ. Rješenje: t1 = 200 oC , T1 = 473 K , T2 = 293 K t2 = 20 oC b) W = ? Q1 = 300 kJ a)  = ? = 0,38 W = Q1 = 0,38300kJ W = 114kJ  = 38 %

  3. Zadatak: U Carnotovu procesu plinu je pri temperaturi 400 K dovedeno 8,37 kJ topline. Dobiveni rad u kružnom procesu je 2093 J. Kolika je korisnost, toplina predana hladnijem spremniku i temperatura hladnijeg spremnika? Rješenje: T1 = 400 K Q1 = 8,37 kJ = 8370 J W = 2093 J W = Q1 – Q2 T2 = T1(1-) Q2 = Q1 – W  = 25 % = 400 K·(1- 0,25) = 8370 J – 2093 J T2 = 300 K Q2 = 6277 J

  4. p p V V Motori s unutarnjim izgaranjem Ottov kružni proces Dieselov kružni proces 3 2 3 2 4 4 1 1

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