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The fall of great empires and the arrive of the Conquistadors : Who are the Triangles?

The fall of great empires and the arrive of the Conquistadors : Who are the Triangles?. Play while students are entering http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs/videos. Conquistador. Conquistador: Spanish explorers and conqueror. The Aztec. Call themselves Mexica (x makes a sh sound)

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The fall of great empires and the arrive of the Conquistadors : Who are the Triangles?

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  1. The fall of great empires and the arrive of the Conquistadors : Who are the Triangles?

  2. Play while students are entering • http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs/videos

  3. Conquistador • Conquistador: Spanish explorers and conqueror

  4. The Aztec • Call themselves Mexica (x makes a sh sound) • Poor nomadic people • Wander around and get kicked out of places • Become soldiers for hire • God of war Huitzilopochtli tells them to found a city of their own

  5. Tells the Mexica to look for an eagle perched on a cactus holding a snake They find this on a small island in Lake Texcoco Found their city there and name it Tenochtitlan No other groups really care - it’s a bad place to live

  6. Tenochtitlan • The Mexica begin to better their city • Drain marshes • Bring in irrigation • Build chinampas - floating gardens • Add land to their island

  7. The Triple Alliance • Aztecs form alliance with two other city-states surrounding Lake Texcoco • Texcoco • Tlacopan • Early 1500’s - empire of 80,000 square miles, 38 provinces, 5-15 million people

  8. Building an Empire • Aztecs use war machine to conquer • Loose political control • Demand tribute - gold, maize, cacao beans, cotton, jade • Use military as a punishment

  9. Religion • Dominates life much like the Maya • Worship gods such as Quetzalcoatl, Huizilopochtli, Ehcatl, Xipe Totec • Gods need blood to sustain life - huge amounts of human sacrifice take place • Need to conquer more lands to get more captives for sacrifice - Flowery War • Conquered nations not happy

  10. Xipe Totec • Our Lord the Flayed One • Very particular form of sacrifice demanded • Gets the Aztec in big trouble early in their history

  11. Montezuma and Cortes

  12. The Spanish Conquest • 1519 - Cortes lands off eastern coast of Mexico with 550 soldiers and sailors • 16 horses are there as well - first ones ever in the New World • Natives are not sure what to think - are these people gods or humans?

  13. The Conquistadors • Have steel swords • Cannons • Guns • Horses

  14. Montezuma’s Dilemma • Montezuma is the Aztec emperor • What should he do with newcomers • Are they the return of Quetzalcoatl? • Has to be cautious - sends gifts to them and tells them not to bother traveling to Tenochtitlan • Conquistadors continue inland - sporadic fighting occurs

  15. Quetzalcoatl was described to be a white skinned man with a beard • Cortez arrived during this celebration and looked like this god

  16. Montezuma Lets Them In • He is too indecisive • Allows the conquistadors into Tenochtitlan and treats them as guests • Conquistadors are shocked by what they see - good and bad

  17. Cortez shocked by the human sacrifices said to get rid of destroy all ideals • Aztecs PO • Cortez took Montezuma prisoner • Cortez found out Aztec killed some of his troops • Cortez order Montezuma to burn all the soldiers involved in the attack were burned alive

  18. Cortez was obsessed with the gold • Aztec had their fill of the Spanish and ran them out • Aztec started to get small pox • Spanish army reattached and conquered • 80 days of a siege

  19. Spanish Regroup • Conquistadors escape and regroup • Take refuge with Tlaxcalan allies • Attack Tenochtitlan again • Divide conquistadors up and have a flotilla attack all at once • Aztec are defeated

  20. INCAS • http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-inca-civilization-pre-columbian-south-america.html • http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-rise-of-the-incas

  21. Exploring • Spain explored from California to Florida • Juan Ponce de Leon searched • Legend of youthful water-never found • DARN! http://images4.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20081102125950/pirates/images/d/d6/Juan_Ponce_de_Leon.jpg

  22. Exploring • DeSoto: searched the Southeast for gold • He died • Francisco Coronado: explored the southwest • Lots of native resistance

  23. Settling New Spain • Conquistadors were bad rulers at first • Three types of settlements • Pueblos:towns; centers of trade • Presidios: forts were soldiers lived • Missions: religious settlements run by Catholic priests

  24. Social Classes • Haciendas: Large land tracts • Given to Peninsulares

  25. Who is going to work land? • Ecomiendas: land grants that included the right to demand labor or taxes from Natives • Social class system • Start of Atlantic Slave Trade http://9f1780.medialib.glogster.com/media/357a382c1179f7959ec74b2cad93b88e83ab76aa467b610834dd186df1f57797/social-classes.jpg

  26. Social Classes • Peninsulares: born in Spain, highest jobs in gov & Church • Creoles: people born in the Americas to Spanish parents • Mestizos: Mixed Spanish & Indian • Labor (enslaved & Natvies)

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