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Lecture 3 CATARACTS

Lecture 3 CATARACTS. Classification of cataracts: By age: congenital, juvenile, age-related (senile) By location opacities in the lens as seen with slit beam : cortical, nuclear, anterior subcapsular, posterior subcapsular

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Lecture 3 CATARACTS

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  1. Lecture 3CATARACTS

  2. Classification of cataracts: By age: congenital, juvenile, age-related (senile) By location opacities in the lens as seen with slit beam: cortical, nuclear, anterior subcapsular, posterior subcapsular By maturity: early, immature, mature, hypermature (Morgagnian cataract) By pattern: cuneiform (typical senile type), zonular, polar, pyramidal (congenital types)

  3. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS The same sign is progressive (not acute) painless visual loss

  4. Artificial lens

  5. Artiphakia is a condition of eye with artificial lens (IOL). Aphakia is a condition of eye without lens. The visual acuity without correction is very poor – 0,02-0,04. Iridodenesis (iris vibration) is typical. Thick plus glasses are needed for vision: for far distance – sph convex 10,0-12,0 D for near distance – sph convex 13,0-15,0 D. Secondary cataract occurs eventually in about 20 % cases after cataract surgery. It is opacity of natural posterior capsule. It can be treated by YAG laser capsulotomy. Attention! The term «complicated cataract»is used to describe a lens opacity which occurs as a result of some other disease of the eye. Longstanding uveitits, an untreated retinal detachment or an intraocular tumour are all examples of an associated disease.

  6. CONGENITAL CATARACTS : I degree – visual acuity is 0,3 and more; the size of opacity is less then 1,5 mm; the surgery may be done at the age of 14-16 years. II degree– visual acuity is 0,05-0,2; the surgery is usually done at the age of 3-4 years. III degree– visual acuity is less then 0,05; the surgery must be done during first year of life.

  7. Ectopia lentis (displacement of the lens) may be partial (subluxation) or complete (luxation). Aethiology: trauma, familial ectopia lentis (may be associated with ectopic pupil), associated with other ocular disorders (aniridia and buphtalmos), Marfan’s and Weill-Marchesani syndromes, metabolic (homocystinuria and hyperlysinaemia). Clinical features: iridodenesis (vibration of iris) and not proportional depth of anterior chamber. Marfan’s syndrome: tall person with partial displacement of the lens (subluxation), fragile bones and arachnodactyly.

  8. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION !

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