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Water Vapor

Water Vapor. -. 104.5. +. Droplets. Haze. 1. 10. 100. 1000. 10,000. 100,000. Angstroms. -10. -9. -8. -7. -6. -5. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. 10. Meters. Mie Scattering. Rayleigh Scattering. I. a. 2. 4. p. r. [. ]. =. ,. I. =. J. (. 2. m. ). 1. m. l. 4. I.

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Water Vapor

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  1. Water Vapor

  2. - 104.5 +

  3. Droplets Haze 1 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 Angstroms -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 10 10 10 10 10 10 Meters

  4. Mie Scattering Rayleigh Scattering I a 2 4 p r [ ] = , I = J ( 2 m ) 1 m l 4 I 0 p r sin f 2 m = . J where l f 2 = 1 + cos f . J 90 Haze Droplets 0 1 -1 10 10 10 Micrometers

  5. Mie Scattering Rayleigh Scattering Droplets Haze 1 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 Angstroms -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 10 10 10 10 10 10 Meters

  6. Credit: NSSL

  7. Condensation Nuclei k N = cr Number per unit volume Continental d Maritime AJunge@ Distribution valid for r<2 :m. Radius

  8. Water Vapor Water Vapor N N O O 2 2 2 2 CO CO 2 2 - Cl Liquid Water + Na +2 Mg + Na

  9. 101 100 80 Relative Humidity % 60 40 20 0 4 6 8 10 Radius in arbitrary units

  10. 101 100 80 Relative Humidity % 60 40 20 0 4 6 8 10 Radius in arbitrary units

  11. 101 100 80 60 Relative Humidity % 40 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  12. 101 100 80 Relative Humidity % 60 40 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  13. 101 100 80 60 Relative Humidity % 40 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  14. 101 100 80 60 40 Relative Humidity % 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  15. 101 100 80 60 40 Relative Humidity % 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  16. 101 100 80 60 40 Relative Humidity % 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  17. 101 100 80 60 40 Relative Humidity % 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  18. 101 100 80 60 40 Relative Humidity % 20 0 10 4 6 8 Radius in arbitrary units

  19. Water Vapor Water Vapor N N O O 2 2 2 2 CO CO 2 2 Liquid Water Liquid Water + Na

  20. 101 100 Relative Humidity % 80 4 6 8 10 Radius in arbitrary units

  21. e c b RH = » 1 + - 3 e rT r s K H Water Vapor Scavenging

  22. T T 2 1 # # Radius Radius T T 4 3 # # Radius Radius

  23. Time - r p - 1 e x f ( r ) = G ( p ) Number/interval Cloud Mist Rain Radius of Drops

  24. Ice phase Scavenging

  25. Energetics of Phase Changes in Water Energy Vapor c=0.5 cal/g Liquid c=1 cal/g 20 0 Ice c=0.5 cal/g -20 40 Temperature (Celsius)

  26. Condensation Nuclei Distribution k cr N = d Gamma Distribution (Cloud droplets) - r p - 1 e x f ( r ) = G ( p ) Truncated Log-normal Distribution (rain)

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