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DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL SKILLS

DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL SKILLS. L.O. To understand how our physical skills develop as we go through different life stages. INFANCY(0-2) years. PREMITIVE REFLEXES. The neonate (newborn infant) is uncoordinated in movement and only primitive reflexes are present.

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DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL SKILLS

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  1. DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL SKILLS

  2. L.O. To understand how our physical skills develop as we go through different life stages. INFANCY(0-2) years

  3. PREMITIVE REFLEXES The neonate (newborn infant) is uncoordinated in movement and only primitive reflexes are present. These are automatic responses to stimuli that disappear in the early months of live and are replaced some time later by voluntary movements

  4. Primitive reflexes replaced by voluntary movements.

  5. Did you know? The paediatrician Ernst Moro (1874-1951) was the first to describe the defensive reflex seen in babies in the first six months of life.

  6. Watch the different reflexes and fill in the table

  7. Moro or startle reflex http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTz-iVI2mf4

  8. Grasp Reflex http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TidY4XPnFUM&feature=related

  9. Rooting Reflex http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXQV8l0fR-g

  10. Walking reflex http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkGjOwPXsvo&feature=related

  11. Suckling reflex http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RA3g8V9HE4&feature=related

  12. Activities Throw the ball into the bucket Throw Mr Lion in the air and catch it. Skipping rope

  13. Activities Threading (rope & straw) Block play (build towers) Pick up sticks

  14. GROSS MOTOR SKILLS Gross motor skills are the abilities required in order to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, crawling and other activities

  15. FINE MOTOR SKILLS • These involve the more precise control of small muscles such as those found in the fingers when picking up a small object like a pea. Fine motor skills are more difficult to acquire and take longer to develop.

  16. MILESTONES OF DEVELOPMENT • The significant events in a baby’s/infant’s life are often termed ‘a milestone (norms) of development’ which means the average timing of the event. They are useful tools for checking the progress of one child against many other children. (Norm=recognised standard). Health professionals monitor and record growth and development to see each child’s progress. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7hn0O_L6lfI&feature=related

  17. Parental concerns Parents, teachers, and primary care practitioners need to have a clear understanding of how young children develop motor skills and the timetable for their development. The Lincoln-Oseretsky Motor Development Scale is a test that assesses childrens’ motor skills development e.g. fine and gross motor skills, finger dexterity, hand-eye coordination. Norms have been established for each part of the test for children aged six to 14.

  18. When to see a doctor • Parents should call the doctor any time they have a concern about their child’s motor skill development. However, they should keep in mind that children develop at different rates and try to focus on the skills their children have mastered instead of those they may have yet to master. Some signs that may point a problem are: not walking by 15 months of age, walking only on the toes, not being able to push a toy.

  19. Key Terms • Cerebral Palsy- A nonprogressive movement disability caused by abnormal development of or damage to motor control centers of the brain. • Congenital malformation – A deformity present at birth. • Locomotion – The ability to move from one place to another. • Muscular dystrophy – A group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive wasting of the muscles.

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