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ALCOHOL

ALCOHOL. Strand 2: Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs. Standard 1: Core Concepts 2.1 Describe the short-term and long-term health consequences of tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use. 2.2 Describe the scope of alcohol and other drug use among adolescents. Standard 2: Access Information

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ALCOHOL

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  1. ALCOHOL

  2. Strand 2: Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs • Standard 1: Core Concepts • 2.1 Describe the short-term and long-term health consequences of tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use. • 2.2 Describe the scope of alcohol and other drug use among adolescents. • Standard 2: Access Information • 2.3 Identify and locate valid resources in one’s community and on the internet for information and services regarding tobacco and alcohol use prevention and cessation. • 2.4 Apply strategies to access and get help for self or others. • Standard 3: Health Behaviors • 2.5 Demonstrate skills to avoid tobacco exposure and avoid or resist using tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. • Standard 4: Influences • 2.6 Describe financial, political, social and legal influences regarding tobacco and alcohol use. • 2.7 Analyze internal and external pressures to use tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. • Standard 6: Decision Making • Apply decisions making and problem-solving steps to hypothetical problems related to alcohol and other drug use. • Standard 7: Social Skills • 2.9 Demonstrate ways to support others who want to stop using tobacco or alcohol.

  3. Objectives • Explain the effects of alcohol on the body. • Name two diseases caused by long term alcohol abuse. • Relate alcohol poisoning to blood alcohol level. • Describe stages of alcoholism.

  4. What we consider “one” drink:

  5. ALCOHOL • Go to workbook: • You can feel the effects of alcohol within minutes. • The liver is responsible for breaking down alcohol into carbon dioxide and water. • It takes the liver about an hourto break down the alcohol in one drink. • One drink is enough to interfere with a person’sjudgmentand reflexes.

  6. 5. The percentage of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream is called Blood Alcohol Level (BAL) ALCOHOL

  7. Short Term Effects: • When you drink alcohol you may feel flushed or warm because the blood vessels near the skin dilate and widen. • You may also have to urinate constantly because your body is trying to get rid of the “poison”. • Alcohol affects your coordination and inhibitions once this has happened, the alcohol in your bloodstream has entered your brain.

  8. Causes of Hangover • Dehydration • Irritation of the stomach lining • Headache • Sick stomach (nausea) • Dizziness SYMPTOMS

  9. LONG TERM EFFECTS • The major organ damaged as a result of alcohol use is the liver. • The common liver diseases that can result from alcohol use are A. Hepatitis and B. Cirrhosis. • Hepatitis is an inflammation/infection of the liver. • Cirrhosis – liver cells replaced with scar tissue.

  10. Stages of liver damage FATTY LIVER LIVER FIBROSIS CIRRHOSIS Deposits of fat causes liver enlargement Growth of connective tissue destroys liver cells Scar tissue forms

  11. Alcohol can also damage the heart by causing fatty deposits to develop on the heart muscle interfering with it’s pumping ability. • Alcohol kills brain cells. • Alcohol use can increase your chances of suffering from cancers of the liver, esophagus, stomach, larynx. LONG TERM EFFECTS

  12. ALCOHOLIC BRAIN Darker Coloring indicates depressed brain activity NORMAL BRAIN Healthy levels of brain activity

  13. Two 20 year old females. Top view of brain, two inches above ears Colored areas show active brain areas during memory tasks

  14. Objectives • Explain the effects of alcohol on the body. • Name two diseases caused by long term alcohol abuse. • Relate alcohol poisoning to blood alcohol level. • Describe stages of alcoholism.

  15. Day 2 • Open to the note section of your book • Why do people drink alcohol? • Why do people not drink alcohol? • What do you think are signs of alcoholism?

  16. TEENAGERS AND ALCOHOL • Many teens drink to: • Be relaxed • Be social • Help forget problems • To be independent/rebel • Binge drinking can cause death by alcohol poisoning.

  17. Not everyone who gets hit by a drunk driver dies. • YouTube - Don't Drink and Drive - Jacqueline Saburido Jacqueline Sabarido was 20 years old when the car she was riding in was hit by drunk driver. Today at 23, she is still working to put her life back together.

  18. Stages of Substance Use • 1. Experimental – curious about taste/effects • 2. Social – uses only socially, can say no to the substance, does not have to finish a drink, uses within legal limits, has control/accepts responsibility for use and actions. • 3. Abuse – illegal use, underage use, use affects school/job, uses to get drunk/high, engages in risky behavior. • 4. Addiction – strong and constant desire, psychological dependence, physical dependence: Body needs the drug to be “normal”, withdrawal symptoms, drug use before everything else (family, school, friends), may be in denial.

  19. Alcohol abuse and alcoholism • Alcoholism is a disease • Abuse includes: • Drunk driving • Becoming violent/angry • Poorly in school/job • Engage in risky behavior • Do things you normally would not do.

  20. DEPENDENCE • Dependence includes: • Feel need for alcohol to function normally • Strong and constant desire • THIS DESIRE IS PSYCHOLOGICAL ONLY.

  21. DEPENDENCE • Addiction includes: • Physical dependence • Withdrawal • Put drug before everything else • Sub alcohol for food • Denial *Teenagers who use alcohol can become addicted in as little as one or two years. *Once a person becomes both psychologically and physically dependent on alcohol, he/she is an alcoholic.

  22. FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS) • Definition: when baby is exposed to alcohol during pregnancy • Common Defects: • Low birth weight • Mental retardation • Facial deformities • Behavioral problems

  23. ALCOHOL AND THE FAMILY • It is estimated that 50 to 80% of all family violence involves alcohol. • Hope for Recovery • When an alcoholic quits drinking, he/she goes through withdrawal. • Possible symptoms include: • Headaches sweating depression • Seizures anxiety nervousness

  24. This phase of recovery usually lasts no more than a few days. • Inpatient/Outpatient programs help alcoholics get through their psychological addiction.

  25. The Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) method involves 12 steps. • Al-Anon is designed to help family members of alcoholics. • Alateen is designed to help teens of alcoholics.

  26. ALCOHOL

  27. Blood Content • Go to workbook • BAC is the blood alcohol concentration, the amount of alcohol in your blood as you drink. • It’s calculated by determining how many milligrams of alcohol are present in 100 milliliters of blood. • Michigan Laws: Adults BAC of .08, Drivers under 21 .02 – “zero tolerance” policy

  28. What we consider “one” drink:

  29. Breathalyzers • Measure the level of alcohol in the blood (BAC). • The blood alcohol content can be detected without the breathalyzer device being in contact with the blood. • It has been scientifically proven that the concentration of alcohol in the breath is mathematically related to the concentration of alcohol in the blood. • (By a ratio of 2100 to 1 - the amount of alcohol in 1 mL of blood is equivalent to the amount of alcohol in 2100 mL of your breath, or alveolar air).

  30. How does the alcohol get into your breath after you drink it? • Alcohol, when ingested is absorbed through various parts of your body, from your mouth and throat, through to your stomach and intestines. • The absorbed alcohol isn't digested and it doesn't change chemically when it enters the bloodstream. • As the heart pushes the blood through your body, it eventually reaches the lungs, where some of the alcohol is pushed through the alveoli (air sacs in the lungs) and evaporates there. • When asked to perform a breathalyzer test, the air from your lungs is exhaled into the breathalyzer device that detects the level of alcohol in the exhaled breath.

  31. .03% - .04% = some loss of judgment and efficiency. Alertness is significantly decreased. • .07% - .08% = walking, talking and balance are visibly affected. The drinker’s ability to react is notably slower. • .16% - .19% = behavior is greatly affected. Lack of motor control and mental confusion occurs. Severe mood swings. • .20% - .30% = confused or dazed state. Unconsciousness may occur. All physical and mental abilities are severely impaired. Central nervous system is acutely depressed. Blood Alcohol

  32. Symptoms of Alcohol Poisoning • The person is semiconscious or unconscious. • Skin is cold, clammy, pale or bluish. • Breathing is slow, less than eight times per minute, or irregular. • Vomiting while “sleeping” or passed out and not waking up.

  33. First Aid - Poisoning • Get help. Call 911. • Do not leave the person. • Turn the person on their side to keep them from choking if they vomit. • Do not wait! It is better to be concerned than to be sorry. You may save someone’s life.

  34. Using Refusal Skills: Ways to Turn Down a Drink • Refuse politely but firmly. No, thanks. I’ve already got a drink (such as bottled water, juice, etc.). • Give a personal reason. I’m watching my weight; I’m allergic to it; I hate the taste; It gives me a headache. • Explain that you have more important goals. I’ve got a game in the morning. It affects my schoolwork. I want to be in control of my life. • State your values and responsibilities. I wouldn’t consider it. It’s against the law for people my age.

  35. Alcohol and the Body Forward video to 10:00 minute mark.

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