1 / 19

Cultural Geography

Cultural Geography. Ms. L awler. What is culture?. Specialized behavioral patterns, understandings, adaptations, and social systems that summarize a group of people’s learned way of life Learned, not biological

ankti
Télécharger la présentation

Cultural Geography

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cultural Geography Ms. Lawler

  2. What is culture? • Specialized behavioral patterns, understandings, adaptations, and social systems that summarize a group of people’s learned way of life • Learned, not biological • Transmitted within a society to next generations by imitation, tradition, instruction • What we care about • What we care for

  3. What does culture include? • Language • Religion • Architecture • Clothing • Food • Gender relations • Music • Agriculture • Art • Tolerance • Education • Technology

  4. Cultural Regions

  5. Cultural Change • Three ways of change- • Innovation: introduction of new ideas, practices, or objects; usually, an alteration of custom or culture that originates within the social group itself • Diffusion: Process by which an idea/innovation is transmitted from one individual/group to another across space • Acculturation: Adoption of cultural traits, • “Borrowing”- Religion, technology • Through force- War, subjugation • Absorption - Most extreme; Extinction of culture can occur

  6. Language- Why is it so important?

  7. Population- Where is everyone?

  8. Religion • A set of beliefs • existence of a higher power, spirits or god • an explanation of the origins and purpose of humans and their role on earth • Which involves rituals, festivals, rites of passage and space (religious landscapes) • Monotheism: existence of only one god. • Polytheism: existence of many gods.

  9. Judaism • Origin and Diffusion • Ethnic Religion (origins of Christianity) • Basic Precepts • Belief in One God • Torah - original 5 chapters of Bible • Prophecy of Moses • Coming of the Messiah still to come • Atonement accomplished by sacrifices, penitence & good deeds

  10. Christianity • Origin and Diffusion • Palestine (modern Israel) • Universalizing Religion • What are the 3 branches? • Branches • Roman Catholic • Protestant • Eastern Orthodox • 2 billion adherents make it most practiced in the world. • Originated in Bethlehem (8-4 BC) and Jerusalem (AD 30) with Jesus Christ. • Spread by missionaries and the Roman Empire (Constantine A.D. 313). • It is the most practiced religion in Africa today.

  11. Islam • Origin and Diffusion • Mecca, Muhammad • Universalizing Religion • Branches • Sunni (majority) • Shiite • 1 billion + adherents • Basic Precepts • Submission to the will of God (Allah) • Lineage - Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, & Mohammed (different lineage) • Holy Book - Koran - built on Old Testament • Five (5) pillars of faith Creed “There is no God but Allah” (faith) Prayer 5 times a day facing Mecca (prayer Giving to the poor (charity) Month of Ramadan (fasting) Pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)

  12. Hinduism • Ethnic religion almost exclusively in India • Oldest religion in Asia (1500 B.C) • No authority or holy book (ancient scriptures) • Polytheistic (perceived) • Numerous Gods • Yet one reality - Brahman - one God • 900 million + adherents primarily in India • Hinduism is an ancient term for the complex and diverse set of religious beliefs practiced around the Indus River. • Reincarnation - endless cycles. Karma and Yoga. • Coastlines and river banks most sacred sites. • Vishnu and Shiva most common of hundreds of deities.

  13. Buddhism • Origin and Diffusion • Founder: Siddhartha Gautama • Universalizing Religion • Branches • Theravada • Mahayana • Zen • 300 million + adherents primarily in China and S.E. Asia • By 6th century it had lost its hold on India, but was now in Korea and Japan. • Basic Precepts • Buddha - the enlightened one • Nirvana - highest degree of consciousness • 4 noble truths • Life involves suffering • Cause of suffering is desire • Extinguish desire • Nirvana reached through 8 fold path

  14. His Holiness the 14th Dali Lama

  15. Ethnic Asian Religions • Confucianism • moral code • Daoism • philosophy of harmony & balance • Shintoism • Japanese traditional religion

  16. Animism (Shamanism) • the belief that all objects, animals, and beings are “animated” or possess a spirit and a conscious life. Also called shamanism because of the prominence of a Shaman. • Such beliefs are common among hunter-gatherers. • 10% of Africans follow such traditional ethnic religions. • These beliefs are losing ground to Christianity and Islam throughout Africa.

  17. Population Distribution • 90 % of all people live north of the Equator • 2/3 of this total are in the mid-latitudes of 20 – 60 degrees north (most temperate) • More than ½ the world population lives on only 5% of the earth’s land • 2/3 live on 10% • 9/10 on less than 20%

More Related